cannabis edible, also known as a cannabis-infused food or simply an edible,
A cannabis edible, also known as a cannabis-infused food or simply an edible, is a food product (either homemade or produced commercially) that contain decarboxylated cannabinoids (cannabinoid acids converted to their orally bioactive form) from cannabis extract as an active ingredient.[1] Although edible may refer to either a food or a drink, a cannabis-infused drink may be referred to more specifically as a liquid edible or drinkable. Edibles are a way to consume cannabis.[1] Cannabis edibles may affect people for a longer period of time than smoked cannabis.[2]
Most edibles contain a significant amount of THC, which can induce a wide range of effects, including relaxation, euphoria, fatigue, paranoia, and anxiety.[3] THC-dominant edibles are consumed for recreational and medical purposes.[4] Some edibles contain a negligible amount of THC and are instead dominant in other cannabinoids, most commonly cannabidiol (CBD).[5] The main characteristic of cannabis edibles is that they take longer to affect users compared to smoked cannabis.[2]
Foods and beverages made from non-psychoactive cannabis products are known as hemp foods.[6]
Contents
- 1History
- 1.1Eastern
- 1.2Western
- 2Chemistry
- 3Effects
- 3.1Possible health effects
- 3.2Side effects
- 4Types
- 4.1Edible infusions
- 4.1.1Food
- 4.1.2Drink
- 4.1.3Tincture
- 4.1.4Dissolvable cannabinoid powder
- 4.1.5CBD edibles
- 4.1.6Capsule
- 4.2Ingredients
- 4.2.1Oil
- 4.2.2Butter
- 5Legalization
- 5.1Medicinal
- 5.2Recreational
- 6Safety
- 6.1Physical
- 6.2Psychological
- 6.3Children
- 7See also
- 8References
- 9External links
History[edit]
Eastern[edit]
Bhang eaters from India c. 1790. Bhang is an edible preparation of cannabis native to the Indian subcontinent. It has been used in food and drink as early as 1000 BC by Hindus in ancient India.[7]
The earliest mention of cannabis-infused food was as far back as 2000 B.C. in India.[8] Known as one of the oldest cannabis traditions, Bhang — a cannabis infused drink made with yogurt, nuts, spices, rose water — is an official drink of Holi, highly celebrated and revered festivals celebrated by the people of Hindu community in India revering Shiva or Kali.[9][10] The oil-solubility of cannabis extracts was also known to ancient Indians, with Sanskrit recipes requiring cannabis to be sautéed in ghee before mixing it with other ingredients.[11]: 7 [12]
Majoun (cannabis jam) is another early type of edible first created by the nomadic Berber tribes of North Africa sometime around the 11th century.[13] The traditional Majoun recipe calls for cannabis extract, datura seeds, honey, nuts, kif (a mixture of kief), and sometimes dates and figs.[13]
Western[edit]
Modern interest in edibles is attributed to Alice B. Toklas and her eponymous 1954 cookbook.
The first mention of edibles in Europe appeared in a cookbook titled De Honesta Voluptate et Valetudine, which translates to “On Honorable Pleasure and Health” written by Bartolomeo Platina in 1465.[14]
The first cannabis edible recipe appeared in the United States in the early 1960s in a cookbook called The Alice B. Toklas Cookbook written by Alice B. Toklas.[15] The recipe is called “Hashish Fudge” and was actually contributed by Alice’s good friend, Brion Gysin.[15] Although it was omitted from the first American editions, Toklas’ name and her “brownies” became synonymous with cannabis in the growing 1960s counterculture.
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