Python 100天-從新手到大師學習筆記Day09：物件導向進階

Yanwei Liu

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May 27, 2019

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電子鐘

from time import time, localtime, sleepclass Clock(object):
    """数字时钟"""def __init__(self, hour=0, minute=0, second=0):
        self._hour = hour
        self._minute = minute
        self._second = second@classmethod
    def now(cls):
        ctime = localtime(time())
        return cls(ctime.tm_hour, ctime.tm_min, ctime.tm_sec)def run(self):
        """走字"""
        self._second += 1
        if self._second == 60:
            self._second = 0
            self._minute += 1
            if self._minute == 60:
                self._minute = 0
                self._hour += 1
                if self._hour == 24:
                    self._hour = 0def show(self):
        """显示时间"""
        return '%02d:%02d:%02d' % \
               (self._hour, self._minute, self._second)def main():
    clock = Clock.now()
    while True:
        print(clock.show())
        sleep(1)
        clock.run()if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

撲克牌

import randomclass Card(object):
    """一张牌"""def __init__(self, suite, face):
        self._suite = suite
        self._face = face@property
    def face(self):
        return self._face@property
    def suite(self):
        return self._suitedef __str__(self):
        if self._face == 1:
            face_str = 'A'
        elif self._face == 11:
            face_str = 'J'
        elif self._face == 12:
            face_str = 'Q'
        elif self._face == 13:
            face_str = 'K'
        else:
            face_str = str(self._face)
        return '%s%s' % (self._suite, face_str)
    
    def __repr__(self):
        return self.__str__()class Poker(object):
    """一副牌"""def __init__(self):
        self._cards = [Card(suite, face) 
                       for suite in '♠♥♣♦'
                       for face in range(1, 14)]
        self._current = 0@property
    def cards(self):
        return self._cardsdef shuffle(self):
        """洗牌(随机乱序)"""
        self._current = 0
        random.shuffle(self._cards)@property
    def next(self):
        """发牌"""
        card = self._cards[self._current]
        self._current += 1
        return card@property
    def has_next(self):
        """还有没有牌"""
        return self._current < len(self._cards)class Player(object):
    """玩家"""def __init__(self, name):
        self._name = name
        self._cards_on_hand = []@property
    def name(self):
        return self._name@property
    def cards_on_hand(self):
        return self._cards_on_handdef get(self, card):
        """摸牌"""
        self._cards_on_hand.append(card)def arrange(self, card_key):
        """玩家整理手上的牌"""
        self._cards_on_hand.sort(key=card_key)# 排序规则-先根据花色再根据点数排序
def get_key(card):
    return (card.suite, card.face)def main():
    p = Poker()
    p.shuffle()
    players = [Player('东邪'), Player('西毒'), Player('南帝'), Player('北丐')]
    for _ in range(13):
        for player in players:
            player.get(p.next)
    for player in players:
        print(player.name + ':', end=' ')
        player.arrange(get_key)
        print(player.cards_on_hand)if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

工資結算系統

"""
抽象类 / 方法重写 / 多态
实现一个工资结算系统 公司有三种类型的员工
- 部门经理固定月薪12000元/月
- 程序员按本月工作小时数每小时100元
- 销售员1500元/月的底薪加上本月销售额5%的提成
输入员工的信息 输出每位员工的月薪信息Version: 0.1
Author: 骆昊
Date: 2018-03-12
"""from abc import ABCMeta, abstractmethodclass Employee(object, metaclass=ABCMeta):def __init__(self, name):
        self._name = name@property
    def name(self):
        return self._name@abstractmethod
    def get_salary(self):
        passclass Manager(Employee):# 想一想: 如果不定义构造方法会怎么样
    def __init__(self, name):
        # 想一想: 如果不调用父类构造器会怎么样
        super().__init__(name)def get_salary(self):
        return 12000class Programmer(Employee):def __init__(self, name):
        super().__init__(name)def set_working_hour(self, working_hour):
        self._working_hour = working_hourdef get_salary(self):
        return 100 * self._working_hourclass Salesman(Employee):def __init__(self, name):
        super().__init__(name)def set_sales(self, sales):
        self._sales = salesdef get_salary(self):
        return 1500 + self._sales * 0.05if __name__ == '__main__':
    emps = [Manager('武则天'), Programmer('狄仁杰'), Salesman('白元芳')]
    for emp in emps:
        if isinstance(emp, Programmer):
            working_hour = int(input('请输入%s本月工作时间: ' % emp.name))
            emp.set_working_hour(working_hour)
        elif isinstance(emp, Salesman):
            sales = float(input('请输入%s本月销售额: ' % emp.name))
            emp.set_sales(sales)
        print('%s本月月薪为: ￥%.2f元' % (emp.name, emp.get_salary()))