What is the composition of mineral engine oils? Yunitco | Engine Oil Price KSA

Yunitco — Oilex Engine Oil

Engine oils are complex formulations typically composed of base oils and additives. Here’s a breakdown of the main components:

1. Base Oils: Base oils form the bulk of engine oil formulations, typically comprising 70% to 95% of the total volume. These oils can be mineral-based, derived from crude oil through refining processes, or synthetic, produced through chemical synthesis. Synthetic base oils offer better performance characteristics such as higher viscosity index, improved oxidation resistance, and better low-temperature properties compared to mineral oils. Semi-synthetic oils are also available, which blend mineral and synthetic base oils to balance performance and cost.
2. Additives: Additives are chemical compounds added to engine oils to enhance their performance and provide specific benefits. These additives can constitute 5% to 30% of the total volume of the oil. Some common additives include:
   Detergents: These additives help keep engine components clean by preventing the formation of deposits and sludge.

• Dispersants: Dispersants prevent the aggregation of contaminants and combustion by-products, keeping them suspended in the oil to be removed by the oil filter.
• Antiwear Agents: These additives form a protective film on metal surfaces, reducing friction and wear between moving parts.
• Antioxidants: Antioxidants help prevent the oxidation of oil, which can lead to the formation of harmful acids and sludge.
• Viscosity Index Improvers: These additives improve the viscosity-temperature relationship of the oil, ensuring consistent lubrication performance across a range of operating temperatures.
• Friction Modifiers: Friction modifiers reduce friction between moving parts, improving fuel efficiency and reducing wear.
• Pour Point Depressants: These additives lower the pour point of the oil, improving its flow properties at low temperatures.
• Foam Inhibitors: Foam inhibitors reduce the formation of foam in the oil, which can impair lubrication performance.

3. Performance Enhancers: Some engine oils may contain additional performance enhancers tailored to specific applications or requirements. For example, high-performance engine oils designed for racing or heavy-duty applications may include specialized additives to withstand extreme operating conditions.

By carefully formulating the blend of base oils and additives, lubricant manufacturers can tailor engine oils to meet the specific requirements of different engines, operating conditions, and performance standards.

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