In the ever-evolving landscape of digitalization, staying ahead of emerging cybersecurity threats is crucial to safeguarding sensitive data and maintaining the integrity of digital ecosystems. As we approach 2024, several cyber challenges are poised to escalate, demanding a proactive and adaptive approach from companies across various sizes and industries.

In this blog post, we delve into the cybersecurity landscape of 2024, examining the pressing threats on the horizon and exploring proactive measures to fortify your defences.

CRITICAL CYBERSECURITY THREATS EVERY BUSINESS MUST PRIORITIZE

The data from this year reveals a staggering reality — a daily detection of approximately 560,000 new instances of malware, coupled with an average of 1248 cyberattacks per week for each organization, as reported by Forbes. These numbers underscore the pervasive and evolving nature of cyber threats that businesses face today. The imminent risks pose not only financial ramifications but also the potential for operational disruptions and reputational harm. The following are some of the primary cybersecurity risks that require attention:

RANSOMWARE 2.0

Ransomware attacks involve malicious software that encrypts a user’s files, rendering them inaccessible until a ransom is paid to the attacker, who then provides the decryption key. These cyber-attacks have been on the rise, and 2024 is expected to witness a surge in sophistication, posing more significant threats to organizations worldwide. Cybercriminals are now employing AI-driven ransomware, capable of adapting and evading traditional security measures. The menace doesn’t end with encryption; double extortion tactics, involving the theft of sensitive data before encryption, are becoming more prevalent. This not only adds financial pressure on victims but also amplifies the potential damage to an organization’s reputation.

Microsoft reports that 98% of ransom software takes less than four hours to compromise a company’s software, with the most malicious variants infiltrating systems in just 45 minutes. The recovery costs from ransom attacks have doubled from 2022 to 2023, emphasizing the need for robust cybersecurity measures and incident response plans.

DISTRIBUTED DENIAL OF SERVICE (DDOS) ATTACK

DDoS attacks, a subclass of Denial of Service (DoS) attacks, are among the most common cyber threats. Perpetrators employ botnets (interconnected online devices) to inundate systems, networks, and servers with fake traffic, overwhelming and depleting the victim’s resources and bandwidth. Unlike many other cyberattacks, DDoS is not aimed at breaching security but focuses on diverting traffic to make a website inaccessible to legitimate users. In the initial six months of 2023, around 7.9 million DDoS attacks were initiated by cybercriminals, marking a 31% rise compared to the previous year, according to the DDoS Threat Intelligence Report. The surge can be attributed to ongoing global events such as the Russia-Ukraine war and NATO bids.

Indicators of a DDoS attack include:

• Large volumes of traffic from a single IP address.
• Surges in requests to a specific endpoint.
• Unusual traffic patterns at atypical times.
• High traffic from similar profiles in terms of location, browser, device, etc.

To address DDoS attacks, companies need to consider implementing anomaly detection systems to identify unusual patterns in network traffic. This can help detect and respond to attacks in real-time, minimizing the impact on your systems and maintaining service availability.

MAN-IN-THE-MIDDLE ATTACK (MITM) ATTACK

The Man-in-the-Middle Attack (MITM) is another prevalent cyber threat. In this scenario, an attacker intercepts ongoing communication or data exchange between two parties, aiming to eavesdrop on or impersonate one of the participants. The attack typically occurs in two phases:

• Interception: The attacker intercepts traffic through their network, often by creating an open Wi-Fi hotspot. Users connecting to such networks risk exposing their personal data. Other methods include DNS spoofing, ARP spoofing, and IP spoofing.
• Decryption: After obtaining the victim’s data, the attacker decrypts it without alerting the application or user. This can be achieved through SSL hijacking, SSL stripping, SSL BEAST, or HTTPS spoofing.

To counter MITM attacks, companies need robust security practices, protocols, a clear security plan, skilled personnel, and allocated budgets. Individual team members should be vigilant about browser notifications indicating unsecured websites and avoid using unprotected public networks, always connecting through the company VPN.

INFO-STEALER MALWARE

An information stealer, often referred to as an “infostealer” or simply a “stealer,” is a form of malware, usually in the guise of a Trojan virus, designed to conceal its identity while surreptitiously gathering sensitive information. Its primary objective is to amass data from any computer it infects and execute various attacks, including activities like authentication bypass and session hijacking.

Infostealers pose a significant threat due to their increasing prevalence and accessibility. While they primarily target personal computers through gaming-related channels or illegal account infiltration, corporate devices are also at risk, especially with the “bring your own device” trend and blurred boundaries between professional and personal activities. The ease of deployment, coupled with the risk of compromised corporate accounts through reused passwords, makes infostealers particularly dangerous, as highlighted by the 2023 Verizon Data Breach Investigations Report, which attributes 74% of breaches to human factors like errors, privilege misuse, stolen credentials, or social engineering.

Accedia’s cybersecurity practices include safeguarding internet-facing VMs by implementing network security groups (NSGs) to restrict access. NSGs consist of Access Control List (ACL) rules that permit or deny network traffic to a VM from other instances, either within or outside the same subnet. To enhance security, internet access for VMs should be limited, and NSGs should be activated on the subnet, particularly for VMs classified as ‘High’ severity due to their exposure to the internet.

CLOUD MALWARE INJECTION ATTACK

Cloud-based breaches account for 45% of security incidents, with 80% of companies encountering at least one cloud security issue in the past year, and a notable increase of 10%, bringing the figure to 27% for organizations facing public cloud security incidents, as indicated by a recent survey.

• Cloud malware injection attacks involve hackers inserting malicious apps into a victim’s cloud infrastructure to eavesdrop, steal information, or manipulate data. Common techniques include:
• Cross-site scripting (XSS): Manipulating vulnerable websites to deliver malicious JavaScript code, enabling attackers to access user accounts or deceive users into clicking infected links.
• SQL injection (SQLi): Interfering with SQL queries to access sensitive data, manipulate application behavior, or harm server and backend infrastructure.

Understanding and safeguarding against these cybersecurity threats requires proactive measures, including robust security measures, employee awareness, and continuous monitoring.

WHAT RISKS DO CYBER-ATTACKS HOLD FOR BUSINESSES?

The severity of a cyber-attack can be measured by the impact it has on a business and its various aspects. Here are some of the main implications that weak Cyber Security can cause:

DAMAGING FINANCES

One of the first effects of cybercrime that comes to mind is always the possible financial damage. Just for reference, according to reports, global cybercrime is expected to cost $10.5 trillion by 2025. This can take many shapes and forms — paying fines, draining the company’s bank accounts, revenue loss, ransomware, drop in sales, decrease in company valuation, and more. And that is just the beginning. Let’s not forget the resources needed for immediate response and recovery, including investigation and analysis. Cybercrime can also affect a company’s revenue indirectly by losing a competitive advantage, customer trust, and operational momentum. Thus, taking the necessary steps to prevent and predict such events and investing in the company’s Cyber Security is always a winning practice.

RISKING INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY

A company’s intellectual property may include technologies, go-to-market strategies, product design, know-how, trade secrets, competitive advantages, and more. All extremely valuable assets, that if not protected correctly, are vulnerable to cyber-attacks. Still, to this day, the loss of intellectual property is one of the less obvious repercussions of cybercrime. Unfortunately, detecting viruses or malware can take time. According to IBM, the average time to detect a data breach in 2022 is 287 days. Shortening that time as much as possible is crucial as it gives less time for the hacker to either directly use the stolen information or sell it to a competitor. Once the data breach is discovered, the first thing a team needs to do is identify the thieves, recover the data if possible, and block the intruder. This eliminates the risk of further attacks. The second important step is to determine how exactly was the intellectual property stolen and how it can be modified to regain the competitive advantage. Thus, protecting intellectual property requires understanding where its vulnerabilities lie and recognizing the technologies and processes to comprehensively approach potential cyber security threats in the future.

DISRUPTING OPERATIONS

Malicious activities can have a detrimental impact not only on the operations of a single company but also on entire economies in some cases. Such examples are the constant cyber-attacks on the Los Angeles port and more specifically on the software of the ships. The attacks halt operations daily due to ransomware, phishing, malware, and credential thefts. As of July 2022, the cyber-attacks over the port of Los Angeles are around 40 million resulting in processes and supply chain blockages.

The disruption of operations can happen in various ways — by erasing or stealing information, infecting systems with malware, or blocking access to systems. The damages may vary depending on the scope of the attack. Moreover, even once normal operations are resumed, IT teams need additional time to determine the root cause, evaluate security vulnerabilities and invest further in Cyber Security practices and technologies.

DAMAGING THE COMPANY’S REPUTATION

As Warren Buffet once said: “It takes 20 years to build a reputation and five minutes to ruin it.” Regardless of how satisfied a company’s client base is, it takes a single breach to damage the reputation of an organization. And this goes for customers, vendors, third-party suppliers, and investors. An example is the 2013 breach involving stolen credit card information of over 40 million customers of the US retailer Target. The inevitable loss of trust then resulted in the loss of customers, sales, and a reduction in profits. Losing sensitive data, especially in industries such as healthcare, insurance, or finance, damages the trust of clients and can have a long-lasting impact that some companies never recover from. On one hand, potential clients may view this as negligence and carelessness and would entrust a different company with their personal information. On the other hand, job applicants and employees would rather not associate themselves with a poorly regarded employer.

Discover 5 Proactive Strategies to Mitigate Cybersecurity Risks

This article is written in collaboration with Yordan Yordanov. Yordan is an Engineering Manager at Accedia with experience in managing projects and clients from various industries and sizes. Apart from his vast knowledge in Microsoft .NET technology stack and Cyber Security, Yordan is a skilled tennis player.