Economic Value and Religious Education | 經濟價值與宗教教育
The Marxist article “Labor Theory of Value (LTV) and Capitalism-Marginal Utility Theory (MUT)”, the article is about the possibility issues formed by these two major theories (some of which have actually arisen), if you use To simplify and explain the price and value mentioned in it, LTV prefers materialism (paying attention to price), while MUT prefers idealism (price will generate value subjectively due to the human heart). However, the development of things is multi-linear because of people. Most of them Theories will produce various situations and branches when they are actually developed. Those huge economic theories will be partly decoupled from reality due to the passage of time, and everyone’s qualifications and circumstances are different, so economic development only relies on existing The theory cannot completely predict. This situation is a bit like what is discussed in religious re-teaching: Dharmakaya, Sambhogakaya, Yingkaya, how to become Dharmakaya (0.01 rich man) is not easy for ordinary people to understand, but the Sambhogakaya has two aspects, and after you get it, you can It is easy to teach others. The speaker in the video is more like this, while Ying Shen is generally a person who only knows how to do meritorious deeds. In layman’s terms, we hope that the audience can balance their hearts and minds and “aware” of the problem.
As emphasized when discussing the book “Buddhist Economics” before, the focus is on “Buddhist education” and has nothing to do with the spread of religious beliefs (the author of the book is not a Buddhist). Moreover, in the “Solidarity Economy”, there is no distinction between region, race, religion, etc., so please do not misunderstand it. Of course, the demand for religious unity was first advocated by Master Jing-kong and was recognized by UNESCO. Therefore, even when religion is mentioned, it is to seek common ground amidst differences and to find the common spirit among them. It is not meant to preach or compete with each other.
When explaining religion from Wikipedia, there are many different understandings. For example, the encyclopedia mentioned earlier that “a principle or theoretical system that adheres to faith with enthusiasm and firm belief” is also a type, such as “atheism, deism, agnosticism, etc.” , also all have different religious beliefs. “The interpretation of Master Jing-kong was mentioned later. “The modern famous monk Shi Jing-kong’s definition of religion is — “Zong” has three meanings: main, important and respected.
『Teaching” has three meanings: education, teaching, and enlightenment. 』
It feels like it echoes the “Buddhist (study) education (education)” mentioned earlier.
Master Jing-kong puts it simply as follows:
I lived in the United States for a long time in my early years. Over time, we became familiar with our neighbor. We met and greeted each other, and he came to visit us. He asked me which industry I studied. I said why are you asking this? He said I see you are so happy every day, where does your happiness come from? I understood, and I told him that we are Buddhists, and within Buddhism we are followers of the Pure Land Sect. Buddha, he knows a little bit, but not very clearly, not very clearly. Because Buddhism, Zen and Tantra are very popular in the United States, not many people know about the Pure Land. I said that when we learn this method, Sakyamuni Buddhism teaches us that there are three things. The first is to purify the mind, and the heart is very pure. He said that we like this; the second is to live long and have infinite life, and he also likes it; the third is to live a long and infinite life. , happiness, he said we all like these three things.
I asked him, are you a Christian? Yes. I agreed, our small ashram, where I would lecture, there is a small ashram. I said we can hold a class for those of you who believe in Christianity every Saturday. What does this class teach? Teach purity, teach happiness, and teach longevity. He is very happy. I say that you go to church on Sunday and the Buddhist hall on Saturday. The God in the church is your Lord and your Father. If you come to the Buddhist hall on Saturday, the Buddha is your teacher. There is no conflict. You see, there are parents at home and teachers at school. They were very happy to hear this, and more and more people came to us on Saturday. It really helps you break away from confusion, become enlightened, and get rid of suffering and gain happiness. Therefore, Buddhist disciples must understand that it is a good thing to learn Buddhism and not to destroy their religious beliefs. This is how the Buddha was in the world, and we have learned it. Look at the many scriptures that talk about Brahman and many other religions. Learn from the Buddha. The Buddha accepts them all. They are all students of the Buddha. The Buddha did not change his religious beliefs. We must pay attention to this in the scriptures and learn from it. .
Buddhism can be learned from any religion, why? Look at how simple and simple the Pure Sect teachings are. What are you here to learn? Come and learn to purify your mind. I believe that no matter which religion you are in, you should have a pure heart, you should live a long life, and you should be happy. A happy and fulfilling life can be obtained and learned from the Buddha’s teachings. So we regard it, I have always regarded it as education, I have never regarded it as religion. Buddha is our teacher. We call our master Sakyamuni Buddha, who is our teacher. We call ourselves disciples, and disciples are students. Our relationship with the Buddha is that of teacher and student. The relationship between their religion and God is that of master and servant, father and son, and there is no conflict at all. Therefore, we completely follow the teachings of Buddha and interact with all religions in a very harmonious and harmonious manner. At first I thought there would be more debates, but there hasn’t been one in more than ten years.
Life experience is that there are two kinds of teachers. One is in ideal models, such as Sakyamuni and Confucius; the other is in the real world, especially after Taiwan’s “education reform”. Most of the teachers that many people actually encounter regard it as a profession. Therefore, we are getting further and further away from the traditional concept of “respecting teachers and respecting the Tao”. In fact, everyone we meet in life can probably be regarded as a teacher. No matter whether the experience of getting along with or working together is good or bad, it will always be helpful to us. Even if it is a bad experience, it will also allow us to learn to survive hardships. There may be something worthy of our respect and gratitude for being patient and tempering our minds.
馬克思主義「勞動價值論（LTV）與資本主義-邊際效用理論（Marginal utility theory，MUT）那篇文章，文章是對於這兩大理論所形成的可能性問題(有些也已經實際產生)，如果用其中所談到的價格與價值來來簡化並解釋，LTV偏向唯物論(注重價格)，MUT則偏向唯心論(價格會因為人心主觀產生價值)，但事物的發展因為人而產生多線性，大多理論在實際發展時會產生各種不同情況與支線，那些龐大經濟理論會因為時間的流逝而出現某部分與現實脫鉤的情況，而每個人的資質與際遇又不相同所以經濟發展只靠既有理論無法完全預測，這情況有點像是宗教再傳授時談的：法身、報身、應身，如何成為法身(0.01的富人)一般人不易懂，但是報身是兩方面的，自己得到之後也容易傳授給別人，影片中的主講者較像是如此，而應身則是一般只懂做功德的人。通俗點的說法是希望聽到的觀眾能心、腦平衡，去「意識」到問題。
如同之前討論《佛教經濟學》一書時強調的，重點是「佛學教育」，而和宗教信仰的傳播無關（該書作者亦非信奉佛教）。而且在「團結經濟」上，是不分地域、人種、宗教⋯⋯等差異，因此千萬別加以誤解。當然在宗教團結的訴求上，是由淨空法師所率先提倡，並受到聯合國教科文組織肯定。所以就算是提到宗教，也是異中求同，找出其中共通的精神，並非傳教、或彼此較量之意。
從維基百科解釋宗教，也是有許多不同理解，像是百科中前面提到『以熱情和堅定地信念而堅持信仰的原則或理論體系』也是一種，例如『無神論，自然神論， 不可知論等，也都是不同的宗教信仰。』後面提到了淨空法師的詮釋『現代知名僧人釋淨空對宗教的定義是 — 「宗」具有：主要的、重要的、尊崇的三種意義。「教」具有：教育、教學、教化三種含義。』
感覺跟前面提到『佛（學）教（育）』有所呼應
淨空法師比較淺顯的說法如下：
早年我住在美國，也住了一段很長的時期。我們的鄰居，時間久了，鄰居也熟了，見面打招呼了，他就來訪問，他問我是學哪一個行業的。我說你為什麼問這個事情？他說我看到你們每天都那麼樣的快樂，你的快樂從哪來的？我就了解了，我就告訴他，我們是學佛的，佛裡面是學淨土宗的。佛，他知道一點，不很清楚，不是很清楚。因為在美國佛教，禪宗跟密宗很興盛，淨土知道的人不多。我說我們學這個法門，釋迦牟尼佛教給我們，有三樁事情，第一個清淨心，心地很清淨，他說這個我們喜歡；第二個長壽，無量壽，他也喜歡；第三個，快樂，他說這三樣東西我們都喜歡。
我問他，你是不是基督教徒？是的。我說好，我們的小道場，我在那邊講經，有個小道場。我說我們每個星期六，可以為你們信仰基督教的開一堂課。這堂課教什麼？教清淨、教快樂、教長壽。他很高興。我說你們星期天進教堂，星期六進佛堂，教堂裡面的神是你的主，是你的父，星期六到佛堂來，佛是你的老師，沒有衝突。你看，在家有父母，上學有老師。他們聽了很快樂，我們星期六的人就愈來愈多。真的幫助你破迷開悟，離苦得樂。所以佛弟子一定要懂得，學佛是好事，不要破壞他宗教的信仰，佛陀在世如是，我們學會了。你看看許多經典裡面講到婆羅門，講到許多其他宗教，跟佛學習，佛統統接納，都是佛的學生，佛沒有改變他的宗教信仰，這一點我們在經典上要留意，我們要學習。
任何宗教都可以學佛，為什麼？你看看，淨宗法門講的多簡單、多單純，你來學什麼？來學清淨心。我相信無論哪個宗教，都要有清淨心，都應該要長壽，應該要快樂。幸福快樂美滿的人生，在佛陀教學裡面可以得到，可以學到。所以我們把它，我是一直都把它看作教育，我沒有把它看作過宗教。佛是我們的老師，我們稱本師釋迦牟尼佛，是我們的老師，我們自稱弟子，弟子是學生，我們跟佛的關係是師生關係。他們宗教跟神的關係是主僕的關係，是父子的關係，一點都不衝突。所以我們完全依照佛陀教誨，與一切宗教往來，非常和諧、非常融洽。最先我還以為，還要有幾次辯論的，十幾年來一次都沒有。
生活的體驗是，老師有兩種。一是理想典型中的，如釋迦牟尼、孔子之類；另外則是存在於現實世界，尤其台灣在「教育改革」後，很多人真正碰到的老師，大多都是將其當成職業，也因此我們離「尊師重道」的傳統觀念愈來愈遠。其實在人生境遇中碰到的所有人，或許也都可以視為老師，無論相處共事的體驗好壞，對我們的助益都是存在的，即使是壞的體驗，也會讓我們學習在苦難中忍耐、鍛煉心志，可能也有值得我們尊敬、及感謝之處。
