AUDIO AND RADIO INNOVATION

The days of Radio: The evolution of the radio during the years

To begin with, radio is considered to be the whole process of transmitting and receiving radio waves. The radio is therefore considered to be the one that receives the broadcasts of radio stations and processes them.

The early history of radio is the history of technology that produces and uses radio instruments that use radio waves. Radio development began as “wireless telegraphy”.

Since 1906, where radio and voice have been broadcast for the first time, radio has contributed decisively to shaping society, economy and human civilization. People’s need for communication was the one that essentially “gave birth” to the radio, a means of communication that appeared far ahead of television and the internet

James Clerk Maxwell showed in theoretical and mathematical form in 1864 that electromagnetic waves could propagate through free space. It is likely that the first intentional transmission of a signal by means of electromagnetic waves was performed in an experiment by David Edward Hughes around 1880, although this was considered to be induction at the time.

Although Marconi was widely regarded as the inventor of the radio, the event was challenged by many scientists, as virtually all the patents he had used were by Nicholas Tesla. Eventually, Tesla was acquitted in 1943 (a few months after his death), and was recognized as the inventor of the radio in 1955. However, there are many who still refer to G. Marconi as the “father” of the radio.

Important inventors of the radio:

• Maxwell(theory of radiotelegraphy and electromagnetism)
• Hertz (discovery of radio waves)
• Lodge (study of electricity and magnetism. Transmission and radio signals)
• Markon(transmitting Morse sound signals and creation of the first device)
• Lee de Forest ( Audio invention)
• Edwin Howard Armstrong (invention of a reproductive circuit)

RADIO IN GREECE

Greece 1923: A start of installing a radio transmitter.

The first radio station who start working was in Thessaloniki in 25 of March in 1928. The radio station worked for 20 years, transmitting broadcasts

In 1938, the first national radio station, was founded and start working in Athens.

In 1945 : The foundation of the National Radio Institute took the responsibility of the station.

After the liberation, a majority of stations were founded in different cities of the country, who were subject to the jurisdiction of EIP.

In 1970, the zone of Fm started to embrace numerous new artists (who were called as pirates). These young amateurs were transmitting multiple programs.

A new Radio Station was also invented by college students of EMP, during the rebellion of Polytechnic, in 1973.

Today, the distribution of radio frequencies is working by the National Broadcasting Council(ESR).

In Greece, since 1923 an effort has been made to install a radio transmitter and after several years of experimentation, the first radio station broadcast in Thessaloniki on March 25, 1928, with the private initiative of the radio-electrician Christos Tsigiridis. The station has been running for 20 years, broadcasting regularly. The first national radio station was founded and operated in Athens, since March 25, 1938, was inaugurated by the then King George II, and in 1945 the National Radio Institute (EIR) was established, which assumed the responsibility of operating the station.

Radio and theatre:

In 1938, started the audio radio in Greece. The exactly same time, the Radio Theater began too. The Radio Theater was the most popular means of entertainment in Greece for a decade. The artists of the theater were in close contact with the public. Not to mention the fact that, the citizens were able to watch live performances. Although, during time, the radio theater has been replaced by the recordings of archives. The positive, of course, on the radio is that it leaves the imagination of the listener to portray as he wants the heroes of the work. Andrew Crescel reports in his book “The Language of the Radio” that in the normal theater the viewer can visualize what’s happening or off-scene, but what is shown on the stage leaves little freedom in imagination.

Source:http://player.slideplayer.gr/11/3077824/

A radio broadcasting system consists of:

The transmitter

The transponder, a signal acquisition and transmission system. The transponder captures the signal sent by the transmitter, or the previous transponder, amplifies it and sends it to the next transponder until the signal reaches the receiver.

The receiver, the device that captures the signal sent by the transmitter and the transponder and converts it to the audio signal we hear from our radios.

The microphone

The loudspeaker

The headphones

In 20’s, there were crystal radios that sounded weak, but on the other hand they were accessible to all citizens.

Radio of the car in 30’s:

In 40’s and50’s, there was the existence of Zenith and cantilus

Radio of the car in 50’s had the invention of the “buttons for research”, which was able to change stations and to minimize the volume.

In 60’s and 70’s, there were created the first transistor, which had less energy but smaller and more resistant device.

The radio of the car was included transistor.

In 80’s and 90’s, there were except of the transistor, the invention the radio and the tape deck.

The radio today is much different from the ancient times.

Nowadays, there is an integrated circuit technology, small radio receivers that they exist in every phone or device and also a huge amount of entertainment and news every single day.

These are some of the apps which helped in radio innovation:

Radio.FM

The simplest app of all is definitely Radio.FM. When the user installs the app, it analyzes the location of each one and provides him/her with the most popular radio stations of the specific area.

Spotify

Spotify is an app which includes millions of songs and gives the user the opportunity to create his/her own list. Also, it provides users with quick playlists depending on the mood of each one. These playlists have been created by experts of music.

ITunes

ITunes includes music, movies, TV-shows and many other services. You can upload millions of songs on it with no internet connection and no ads.

Shazam

Shazam is an app for Mac, Pc and smartphones. It’s widely known for the potential of recognition of music the moment you listen to it.

SoundCloud

SoundCloud is an app which lets you discover, stream and share an expanding mix of music from major artists around the world.

Towards the end of the 20th century, the radio was incorporated into digital players (CD players, mp3s, etc.) as well as mobile phones. Now, it’s available as smartphones, such as smartphones, tablets, and even smart TVs.

Supervisors: Betty Tsakarestou Dimitra Iordanoglou Lina Kiriakou

PRocrADstinators Team : Antzela Golikai Maria Hanioti Eirini Tsv Aristea Papadopoulou Mpleona Tzaka Vickie Gatsiou and Angela Douka.