Open in app

Sign in

Write

Sign in

Ada Programlama Dili — Örnekler: Kayıtlar

mozgan
Ada Programlama Dili
Published in
5 min readJun 11, 2024
https://intinde.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/5-Reasons-Why-Recordkeeping-Is-So-Important.jpg

1. Directions

Bu örnekte aşağıda detayları verilen kayıt türü ve fonksiyonlar yazılacak:

  • İçerisinde Angle_Mod ve Direction türlerine ait iki elemanı barındıran Ext_Angle kayıt türü oluşturulacak.
  • Display metodu Ext_Angle türünden bir parametre alacak ve ekrana bu parametrenin içeriğini yazacak.
  • To_Ext_Angle fonksiyonu Angle_Mod türünden bir parametre alarak Ext_Angle türünden bir nesne döndürecek.

directions.ads

package Directions is

   type Angle_Mod is mod 360;

   type Direction is
     (North, Northeast, East, Southeast, South, Southwest, West, Northwest);

   type Ext_Angle is record
      Angle_Element     : Angle_Mod;
      Direction_Element : Direction;
   end record;

   function To_Direction (N : Angle_Mod) return Direction;
   function To_Ext_Angle (N : Angle_Mod) return Ext_Angle;
   procedure Display (N : Ext_Angle);

end Directions;

directions.adb

with Ada.Text_IO; use Ada.Text_IO;

package body Directions is

   procedure Display (N : Ext_Angle) is
   begin
      Put_Line
        ("Angle: " & N.Angle_Element'Image & " => " &
         N.Direction_Element'Image & ".");
   end Display;

   function To_Direction (N : Angle_Mod) return Direction is
   begin
      case N is
         when 0 =>
            return North;
         when 1 .. 89 =>
            return Northeast;
         when 90 =>
            return East;
         when 91 .. 179 =>
            return Southeast;
         when 180 =>
            return South;
         when 181 .. 269 =>
            return Southwest;
         when 270 =>
            return West;
         when 271 .. 359 =>
            return Northwest;
      end case;
   end To_Direction;

   function To_Ext_Angle (N : Angle_Mod) return Ext_Angle is
     ((Angle_Element => N, Direction_Element => To_Direction (N)));

end Directions;

Derleme ve Test

❯ gnatmake main.adb
gcc -c main.adb
gcc -c directions.adb
gnatbind -x main.ali
gnatlink main.ali

❯ ./main Direction_Chk
Angle:  0 => NORTH.
Angle:  30 => NORTHEAST.
Angle:  45 => NORTHEAST.
Angle:  90 => EAST.
Angle:  91 => SOUTHEAST.
Angle:  120 => SOUTHEAST.
Angle:  180 => SOUTH.
Angle:  250 => SOUTHWEST.
Angle:  270 => WEST.

2. Colors

Bu örnek HTML renklerini RGB formatına dönüştürecek. Yazılacak olan tüm kodlar Color_Types adındaki bir paket içerisinde bulunacak. Bu paketin ayrıntıları ise şöyle:

  • RGB adında bir kayıt türü oluşturulacak. Ve RGB kaydı yalnızca şu üç renge sahip olacak: Red, Green, Blue.
  • To_RGB fonksiyonu HTML_Color türünden bir değeri aşağıdaki tabloya göre RGB türüne dönüştürecek.
+-------------+-----+-------+------+
|    Renk     | Red | Green | Blue |
+=============+=====+=======+======+
| Salmon      | #FA | #80   | #72  |
| Firebrick   | #B2 | #22   | #22  |
| Red         | #FF | #00   | #00  |
| Darkred     | #8B | #00   | #00  |
| Lime        | #00 | #FF   | #00  |
| Forestgreen | #22 | #8B   | #22  |
| Green       | #00 | #80   | #00  |
| Darkgreen   | #00 | #64   | #00  |
| Blue        | #00 | #00   | #FF  |
| Mediumblue  | #00 | #00   | #CD  |
| Darkblue    | #00 | #00   | #8B  |
+-------------+-----+-------+------+
  • Image fonksiyonu ise RGB türüne ait bir değeri karakter dizisi (string) olarak döndürecek.

color_types.ads

package Color_Types is

   type HTML_Color is
     (Salmon, Firebrick, Red, Darkred, Lime, Forestgreen, Green, Darkgreen,
      Blue, Mediumblue, Darkblue);

   function To_Integer (C : HTML_Color) return Integer;

   type Basic_HTML_Color is (Red, Green, Blue);

   function To_HTML_Color (C : Basic_HTML_Color) return HTML_Color;

   subtype Int_Color is Integer range 0 .. 255;

   type RGB is record
      Red   : Int_Color;
      Green : Int_Color;
      Blue  : Int_Color;
   end record;

   function To_RGB (C : HTML_Color) return RGB;

   function Image (C : RGB) return String;

private

   HTML_Color_Array : constant array (HTML_Color) of Integer :=
     (Salmon      => 16#FA_8072#, Firebrick => 16#B2_2222#, Red => 16#FF_0000#,
      Darkred     => 16#8B_0000#, Lime => 16#00_FF00#,
      Forestgreen => 16#22_8B22#, Green => 16#00_8000#,
      Darkgreen   => 16#00_6400#, Blue => 16#00_00FF#,
      Mediumblue  => 16#00_00CD#, Darkblue => 16#00_008B#);

   RGB_Code_Array : constant array (HTML_Color) of RGB :=
     (Salmon      => (16#FA#, 16#80#, 16#72#),
      Firebrick   => (16#B2#, 16#22#, 16#22#),
      Red         => (16#FF#, 16#00#, 16#00#),
      Darkred     => (16#8B#, 16#00#, 16#00#),
      Lime        => (16#00#, 16#FF#, 16#00#),
      Forestgreen => (16#22#, 16#8B#, 16#22#),
      Green       => (16#00#, 16#80#, 16#00#),
      Darkgreen   => (16#00#, 16#64#, 16#00#),
      Blue        => (16#00#, 16#00#, 16#FF#),
      Mediumblue  => (16#00#, 16#00#, 16#CD#),
      Darkblue    => (16#00#, 16#00#, 16#8B#));

end Color_Types;

color_types.adb

with Ada.Integer_Text_IO;

package body Color_Types is

   function To_Integer (C : HTML_Color) return Integer is
     (HTML_Color_Array (C));

   function To_HTML_Color (C : Basic_HTML_Color) return HTML_Color is
     (case C is when Red => Red, when Green => Green, when Blue => Blue);

   function To_RGB (C : HTML_Color) return RGB is (RGB_Code_Array (C));

   function Image (C : RGB) return String is
      subtype Str_Range is Integer range 1 .. 10;
      SR : String (Str_Range);
      SG : String (Str_Range);
      SB : String (Str_Range);
   begin
      Ada.Integer_Text_IO.Put (To => SR, Item => C.Red, Base => 16);
      Ada.Integer_Text_IO.Put (To => SG, Item => C.Green, Base => 16);
      Ada.Integer_Text_IO.Put (To => SB, Item => C.Blue, Base => 16);
      return
        ("(Red => " & SR & ", Green => " & SG & ", Blue => " & SB & ")");
   end Image;

end Color_Types;

Derleme ve Test

❯ gnatmake main.adb
gcc -c main.adb
gcc -c color_types.adb
gnatbind -x main.ali
gnatlink main.ali

❯ ./main HTML_Color_To_RGB
SALMON => (Red =>     16#FA#, Green =>     16#80#, Blue =>     16#72#).
FIREBRICK => (Red =>     16#B2#, Green =>     16#22#, Blue =>     16#22#).
RED => (Red =>     16#FF#, Green =>      16#0#, Blue =>      16#0#).
DARKRED => (Red =>     16#8B#, Green =>      16#0#, Blue =>      16#0#).
LIME => (Red =>      16#0#, Green =>     16#FF#, Blue =>      16#0#).
FORESTGREEN => (Red =>     16#22#, Green =>     16#8B#, Blue =>     16#22#).
GREEN => (Red =>      16#0#, Green =>     16#80#, Blue =>      16#0#).
DARKGREEN => (Red =>      16#0#, Green =>     16#64#, Blue =>      16#0#).
BLUE => (Red =>      16#0#, Green =>      16#0#, Blue =>     16#FF#).
MEDIUMBLUE => (Red =>      16#0#, Green =>      16#0#, Blue =>     16#CD#).
DARKBLUE => (Red =>      16#0#, Green =>      16#0#, Blue =>     16#8B#).

3. Inventory

Inventory_Pkg paketi içerisinde bulunan Item kayıt türü, Init fonksiyonu ve Add metodu programlanacak:

  • Item kaydı, Item_Name türünden Name adında, Natural türünden Quality adında ve Float türünden Price adında elemanlar barındıracak.
  • Init fonksiyonu verilen parametreler doğrultusunda Item türünden bir nesne döndürecek.
  • Add metodu iki parametre alıyor: Assets ve I. Bu parametreleri kullanarak aşağıdaki formül uygulanacak:
Assets := Assets + Float(I.Quality) * Price;

inventory_pkg.ads

package Inventory_Pkg is

   type Item_Name is (Ballpoint_Pen, Oil_Based_Pen_Marker, Feather_Quill_Pen);

   function To_String (I : Item_Name) return String;

   type Item is record
      Name    : Item_Name;
      Quality : Natural;
      Price   : Float;
   end record;

   function Init
     (Name : Item_Name; Quantity : Natural; Price : Float) return Item;

   procedure Add (Assets : in out Float; I : Item);

end Inventory_Pkg;

inventory_pkg.adb

with Ada.Text_IO; use Ada.Text_IO;

package body Inventory_Pkg is

   function To_String (I : Item_Name) return String is
   begin
      case I is
         when Ballpoint_Pen =>
            return "Ballpoint Pen";
         when Oil_Based_Pen_Marker =>
            return "Oil-based Pen Marker";
         when Feather_Quill_Pen =>
            return "Feather Quill Pen";
      end case;
   end To_String;

   function Init
     (Name : Item_Name; Quantity : Natural; Price : Float) return Item
   is
   begin
      Put_Line ("Item: " & To_String (Name) & ".");
      return (Name => Name, Quality => Quantity, Price => Price);
   end Init;

   procedure Add (Assets : in out Float; I : Item) is
   begin
      Assets := Assets + Float (I.Quality) * I.Price;
   end Add;

end Inventory_Pkg;

Derleme ve Test

❯ gnatmake main.adb
gcc -c main.adb
gcc -c inventory_pkg.adb
gnatbind -x main.ali
gnatlink main.ali

❯ ./main Inventory_Chk
Item: Ballpoint Pen.
Assets: $27.75.
Item: Oil-based Pen Marker.
Assets: $927.75.
Item: Feather Quill Pen.
Assets: $1007.75.

Soruların Aslı

  1. Directions
  2. Colors
  3. Inventory
Ada
Örnekler

--

--

mozgan
Ada Programlama Dili

Written by mozgan

30 Followers
Editor for

Help

Status

About

Careers

Press

Blog

Privacy

Terms

Text to speech

Teams