ORIGIN, BRANCHES, FATHER and TERMINOLOGY — GENERAL AGRICULTURE

Know all the important facts about General Agriculture, which would be beneficial in the government exams and for your own understanding of Agriculture.

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How to know if the word is Latin or Greek?

If the end of the word logy and nomy, it originated from the Greek Word, except Pomology (Latin + Greek).

If at the end of the word “Culture” comes then it is from Latin.

• Agronomy: Greek Word
• Soil Science: Latin Word
• Horticulture: Latin Word
• Pomology: Latin + Greek
• Olericulture: Latin Word
• Floriculture: Latin Word
• Entomology: Greek Word
• Extension Education: Latin Word

Major Branches of Agricultural Science

• Agrostology: Grass Study
• Arboriculture: Study of Herbs and Shrubs
• Arviculture: Study of Crops
• Oleculture: Study of Vegetables
• Olviculture: Jaitoon Cultivation
• Cylology: Tea Cultivation
• Sericulture: Sericulture
• Apiculture: Bee Keeping
• Moriculture: Mulberry Cultivation
• Lake Culture: Lac Pest Farming
• Vermiculture: Earthworm Farming
• Pisciculture or Aquaculture: Fisheries

Branches of Agricultural Science and their Father

• Modern Crop Science: Petro de Crescenzi
• Pedology: Dokuchev
• Horticulture: MH Marigowda
• Agricultural Meteorology: Koppen
• Genetics: Gregor John Mendel
• Plant Pathology: Anton de berry
• Plant Pathology (India): EJ Butler
• Mycology: A.M. Michael
• Biology: Aristotle
• Animal Science: Aristotle
• Bacteriology: Leuvenhawk
• Microbiology: Louis Pasteur
• Taxonomy: Carolus Linnaeus
• Organic Farming: Albert Howard
• Biodynamic Farming: Rudolf Steiner
• Natural Farming: Masanabu Fakoka
• Economics: Adam Smith
• Extension: Seaman Knapp

Important Terminology of Agriculture

• Crop Rotation: Manipulate and sow two or more crops in a single field.
• Inter Cropping: Two or more crops sowing in different lines.
• Mixed Cropping: Mixing and Sowing the seeds of two or more crops.
• Monoculture: Sowing of the same crop repeatedly in a certain area.
• Sole Crop: Sowing of a single crop in the field.
• Relay Cropping: Sowing of the second crop before harvesting the first crop.
• Lay Farming: Cultivation of grasses with crops.
• Arable Crops: Crops whose for this, tillage is necessary. Ex- Potato, Sugarcane, Maize, etc.
• Alley Crop: Ex- Eucalyptus, Acacia. Growing in the middle of the crops.
• Augmenting Crop: Crops grown together to increase the production capacity of major crops. Example Rijka and Barsim in Mustard.
• Catch/Contingent Crop: Growing short-duration crops when the main crop is destroyed due to environmental reasons, so that economic compensation can be obtained. Example- Toria, Moong, Urad.
• Cole Crops: Crops require a cold environment. Example: Cauliflower, Cabbage, etc.
• Cover Crops: Soil covering crop, and its objective is soil moisture conservation. Ex- Cowpea, Urad, Peanuts.
• Complementary Crops: Crops that benefit each other. Examples: Jowar and Cowpea
• Nurse Crops: One crop that helps another crop in its early stages. Example: Mustard in Peas, Cowpea in Rye or Sorghum.
• Trap Crops: The crop that feeds the pests of the main crop on itself. About 5% of trap crops should be planted in this field.
• Vertical Farming: In this one, the positions on the land are cultivated in a hierarchical order and rise upwards. It is a model of urban agriculture. To a large extent, the food crisis will also end.
• E-RAKAM: This is a platform that helps farmers to connect with the market. It has been developed by MSTC Limited.
• Agri Udaan: This scheme will work to connect new start-ups with investors.
• Kusum: It’s an objective Optimal to Use Solar Energy and Renewable Energy towards moved to be Encouragement provide to farmers.