Board Game Tactics

Board games would be more fun if players make good use some tactics. Let’s do some brain exercises!

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日本麻雀 — 親家預期額外收益

日本麻雀的每場遊戲通常以東風 (4局) 或半莊 (8局) 為單位,一般情況下每位玩家都有1次或2次當莊家的機會,稱為親家,自家為親家時其他玩家則為子家。

本文純粹利用概率統計估算親家相對子家的預期額外收益,用以量化連莊的重要性。

親家與子家於每局得點及失點分別如下,單位以最小1份計:

  1. 子家銃和收放銃家4份,自摸收親家2份及2位子家各1份;
  2. 親家和了點為子家的1.5倍,銃和收放銃家6份,自摸收3位子家各2份;
  3. 子家自摸時親家失點為每位剩餘子家的2倍。

根據以上概念,按照天鳳半莊喰赤規則的數據加以簡化作出如下假設:

  1. 子家平均和了點 = 6000,親家平均和了點 = 6000 * 1.5 = 9000;
  2. 每家的和了率 = 22%,自摸率 = 10%,放銃率 = 12% (放銃給其餘3位玩家的概率相同),流局率 = 12%;
  3. 流局預期聽牌收益 = 0。

親家每局預期額外收益計算:

  1. 親家和了額外收益 = 9000 –6000 = 3000 [P = 22%];
  2. 親家被炸莊額外損失 = 6000 * 1/2 –6000 * 1/4 = 1500 [P = 10% * 3 = 30%];
  3. 親家放銃較子家放銃額外收益 (不會放銃給親家)= (9000 –6000) * 1/3 = 900 [P = 12%];
  4. 其餘36%的情況為橫移動 (點棒交收不涉及自家) 及流局,預期收益皆為0;
  5. 綜上各點,未考慮連莊因素,親家每局預期額外收益 = 3000 * 22% – 1500 * 30% + 900 * 12% = 318;
  6. 若考慮連莊因素,包括親家和了及流局聽牌,這裏假設流局聽牌率為 50%,親家每局預期額外收益 = 318 * 1/(1 – 22% – 12% * 50%) = 442。

由此證明每局的親家相對子家有絕對優勢,親家和了或流局聽牌連莊可以保持這個絕對優勢。

Update Log

19/2/2021 補充親家每局預期額外收益,考慮連莊因素的計算。

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Board Game Tactics
Board Game Tactics

Published in Board Game Tactics

Board games would be more fun if players make good use some tactics. Let’s do some brain exercises!

Steven_Sora
Steven_Sora

Written by Steven_Sora

Multivarious applications of probability.

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