Day of the Programmer

Day of the Programmer

Problem Link: Day of the Programmer

Marie invented a Time Machine and wants to test it by time-traveling to visit Russia on the Day of the Programmer (the 256th day of the year) during a year in the inclusive range from 1700 to 2700.

From 1700 to 1917, Russia’s official calendar was the Julian calendar; since 1919 they used the Gregorian calendar system. The transition from the Julian to Gregorian calendar system occurred in 1918, when the next day after January 31st was February 14th. This means that in 1918, February 14th was the day of the year in Russia.

In both calendar systems, February is the only month with a variable amount of days; it has 29 days during a leap year, and 28 days during all other years. In the Julian calendar, leap years are divisible by ; in the Gregorian calendar, leap years are either of the following:

• Divisible by 400.
• Divisible by 4 and not divisible by 100.

Given a year, y, find the date of the 256th day of that year according to the official Russian calendar during that year. Then print it in the format dd.mm.yyyy, where dd is the two-digit day, mm is the two-digit month, and yyyy is y.

Input Format

A single integer denoting year y.

Constraints

1700 ≤ y ≤ 2700

Output Format

Print the full date of Day of the Programmer during year in the format dd.mm.yyyy, where dd is the two-digit day, mm is the two-digit month, and yyyy is .

Sample Input 0

2017

Sample Output 0

13.09.2017

Explanation 0

In the year y=2017, January has 31 days, February has 28 days, March has 31 days, April has 30 days, May has 31 days, June has 30 days, July has 31 days, and August 31 has days. When we sum the total number of days in the first eight months, we get 31+28+31+30+31+30+31+31 =243. Day of the Programmer is the 256th day, so then calculate 256–243 = 13 to determine that it falls on day 13 of the 9th month (September). We then print the full date in the specified format, which is 13.09.2017.

Sample Input 1

2016

Sample Output 1

12.09.2016

Explanation 1

Year y = 2016 is a leap year, so February has 29 days but all the other months have the same number of days as in 2017. When we sum the total number of days in the first eight months, we get 31 + 29 +31 + 30 + 31 + 30 + 31 + 31 =244 . Day of the Programmer is the 256th day, so then calculate 256–244 = 12 to determine that it falls on day 12 of the 9th month (September). We then print the full date in the specified format, which is 12.09.2016.

SOLUTION

This question is one of the trick question of this challenge. Many people ignored the question and simply applied the logic for leap year. But this question can be solved by the following method.

Consider here are three case

1. If year is 1918 print 26.09.1918. As this year 32nd day is 14th February.
2. If year is less than 1918 then our answer will be 12.09.year if year value is a multiple of 4 else 13.09.year
3. If year is greater than 1918 then our answer will be 12.09.year is year is divisible by 4 and not by 100 or divisible by 400. Else 13.09.year

CODE

#include <cmath>
#include <cstdio>
#include <vector>
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
int main() {
 short y;
 cin>>y;
 if(y==1918)
 cout<<"26.09."<<y;
 else if(y <= 1917)
 {
 if(y%4==0)cout<<"12.09.";
 else cout<<"13.09.";
 cout<<y;
 }
 else{
 if((y%400==0) || (y%4==0 && y%100!=0))
 cout<<"12.09.";
 else cout<<"13.09.";
 cout<<y;
 }
 return 0;
}