Pantita Pring: Subteranean Market
Desy Rahmadanis | 08111940000023
The natural and constructed theory that tries to be speculated is how nature shapes architectural constructions. In contrast to previous theories which made nature a metaphor to be constructed in architecture or contrasted the nature of architecture. Speculation will focus on nature which constructs architecture by presenting underground spaces and using natural materials for roofs in architecture. From this speculation emerged the design concept of Panita Pring, namely an underground market chosen according to its location’s context. The basement and the selection of materials are also in line with the context setting raised, namely global warming. The basement has a more stable temperature and natural materials have less embodied carbon. Based on the concept of speculation and building typology, the formal aspects raised are program and visual. Due to the additional functions, the program division is broadly divided into an underground market area and on the ground food court area. While the visual aspect that you want to show is the busy market activity in the morning. In addition, raising the visual aspect will improve the quality and understanding of the reader about the material used.
Zoi Pelagos
Christina Gracia Andini | 08111940000056
Through the principles obtained from the synthesis of Natural and Constructed theory, that nature is something that must be conquered. In architectural context, the land or site plays a role in connecting the construction with nature. With speculation that in the future all land will sink, so there is no land anymore, therefore humans must be able to adapt to the environment above the water to survive and live. Adaptation strategies in architecture that can be carried out are; creating ‘land’ for humans to live in, forming buildings with new principles, and modifying the construction so the building can perform better above the water. The principle of composition to form the geometry of the building that is used as an adaptation in a floating building is that it must have a symmetrical shape for an even load distribution. In addition, to support buoyancy, the height of the building that is applied does not exceed the area (length x width) of the floating foundation. Structural system modifications are also applied starting from the foundation as a site that can support the load of the building structure to keep it afloat. From all these adaptation efforts, it can be determined that the typology of sports stadium buildings is quite in accordance with most of the applied principles, namely having a symmetrical shape and using steel structures that are relatively light.
Art Behind Nature
Jasmine Salma Sabita Siregar / 08111940000069
By looking at the synthesis of Carol Burns theory Nature is a culturally defined concept and subject to change Natural conditions today nature is very fragile and limited if you look at the bad human activities that have a negative impact on nature and climate that will produce concepts from a theory for design and typology from the building. What if you look at nature in the future with the issue of Global Warming which will cause drought on the earth’s surface. Based on the theory of Natural and Constructed which designs buildings with natural metaphors and looks at aspects of the site for design ideas or design aspects that must be related to building designs. By presenting the Art Space building in the next few years by paying attention to issues in the world that will be based on this theory. Which is where this Art Space presents and exhibits natural conditions in the past few years and uses constructions that metaphorize trees on columns and roofs of buildings that imitate leaves. With the biomimetic concept that talks about imitating nature as a design reference by solving existing problems. Seeing the function of the building as an Art Space by presenting the impression of nature will be meaningful for humans in the future when they want to see and feel nature in buildings.
Last Root Park
Farhan Kamil Dharma / 08111940000062
Laughier express his view of Architecture by how it was birthed, and it was through its function from nature to fulfill mankind’s needs, therefore the principle of architecture itself needs to be brought back to its intended nature. on its anti-thesis theory, Gregotti said that every place has its own nature condition, therefore architecture have to adapt and showed its specific places and anture condition to give architecture itself a sense of identity. On the philosophical theory, Burns express his view that architecture and nature could be seen from two different perspective, the first scenario is architecture domain effects and changes nature, and the second scenario is nature in its own condition and morphology effects architecture, those theories then preached based on its issue and context on each architect time.
Industrial activities and human lifestyle on today’s climate pushed forward climate change on the rates that haven’t been seen before. The state of the destroyed nature that exist today threatens not only its own existence sustainability but also human’s wellbeings. therefore, architecture acts as a bridge or connector between human and nature. architecture act as a dialog redirecting, which connects human back to its element which often than not, being forgotten. But with the rates of the impending doom of nature quality of life, what if in the near future, nature will go through such massive regression that it won’t have any more function that once was intended on its creation. With this scenario in mind, the designer, myself, speculated, what if architecture doesn’t function as a connector anymore, but rather a statue of remembrance of nature and its crucial role on mankind’s life. Where architecture function as an artificial nature, a system which substitute what once the intended function of nature’s role.
Mangrove forests have many benefits both for nature and human needs. mangroves can store and absorb more carbon than other types of forests, so the existence of mangrove forests can be. Mangrove forests also help people get clean water and fresh air. Mangrove forest area has a function to absorb all the dirt that comes from human waste and ships sailing at sea. in addition to the functions given to the climate, mangrove forest areas can be developed into one of the tourist attractions. In this way the mangrove forest will be a tourist destination from various regions and foreign countries. Tourism will have a very good economic impact on the surrounding community and the country in particular. the economic function is as ecotourism. therefore, in this design, I designed a mangrove eco tourism place that has a function as a public space, hotel, and also, a research place. The building I designed has the title Last Root Cottage & Garden.
(Re)Invention : Banyu Urip Market
Nabila Jasmine Sinaga / 08111940000027
Due to the ongoing Anthropocene Era as human civilization developed, overpopulation and reduced land in urban areas caused nature to begin to disappear. (re)invention is an architectural concept that presents space for nature and people in urban areas who are increasingly forgetting nature. The Banyu Urip market was redesigned with the initial idea of Lightly Touching The Ground and became the starting point for the concept.
Starting with the theory of Natural and Constructed, resulting in a synthesis that nature on the site is formed from many aspects that already exist previously. When putting it into the context of anthropocene,anidea to preserve the existing trees on the site and build an architecture that has little contact with nature on the site came up.
The land is located in Banyu Urip, with the object selection based on the uniqueness of Banyu Urip, namely the markets along the road. The design approach used is ecocentric architecture which prioritizes the natural state of the site. The building design method uses a biophilic method that prioritizes the relationship with nature at the site.
The space program is divided into two major areas, the upper room which contains the market and food selling area, and the lower room which is the landscape and area connected to natural aspects. The shape of the building uses organic shapes inspired by nature. To gives the impression of being inside a forest when user are in the basement of the building. The building structure system itself is a space frame made of wood material to present a natural impression in the building.
The most important thing in system selection is that the structure should be as light as possible. So, the choice of beam column is Glulam or Glued Laminated Timber.The choice of foundation is with Geoplast technology which makes the foundation structure lighter, and provides breathing space on the floor of the building (hollow).
‘Architecture in Dystopia’ Green Parasite
Aqshal Fadhilah Al FIrdaus / 08111940000047
In the book “Introducing Architectural Theory” in chapter 11, there are 3 theories mentioned by 3 different figures. In the first theory, ‘Excerpts from an Essay on Architecture’ by Marc Antonie Lougier, it is stated that architecture originates from nature and its rules. Born by imitating the processes that are in it. Nature provides principles and inspiration for architecture. In the second theory, Vittoria Gregotti in ‘Terriroty And Architecture’ mentions that architecture changes or transforms nature into the built environment. Nature is a collection of materials that architecture later reveals. Nature and architecture must be distinguished. Architecture’s task is to modify, change, and contrast it. Architecture also works as a reference line in measuring the landscape. And in the third theory by Carol Burns ‘On Site: Architectural Preoccupations’ it is stated that architecture connects buildings with their physical locations. And that Nature (site) is like architecture, which both can be created, shaped, and changed. There are two views on understanding the site, cleared site and constructed site. Site as an empty place waiting for architectural intervention. And the site as a link between nature and buildings.
The three theories discuss the same thing, namely how the relationship and influence of nature on architecture. Architecture cannot be separated from nature because both are interdependent. The difference is in the first theory of nature as a provider of principles and inspiration for architecture. In theory both nature must be differentiated and transformed by architecture. And on the third theory of nature as a thing that needs to be taken care of by architecture. Where nature and buildings are connected by architecture.
Surabaya is the capital of East Java Province and is one of the largest and most populous cities in Indonesia. Where there are many residents and the use of technology in many aspects of life. Most parts of the city are filled with settlements and other buildings, especially tall buildings. Not to mention that land in other areas is used for other things such as paddy fields, moorlands, ponds, and others.
In 2100 it is estimated that the Surabaya area will experience many changes. Starting from the population, food availability, climate conditions, and development. Everything is likely to greatly affect the lives of people in the city of Surabaya. and the destruction of nature as well as the depletion of non-renewable energy sources. Because of that we need an architecture that can be presented in conditions like this. The architecture that stops the dystopia. Which can restore lost nature. To respond to the three major problems that occur during dystopia, there are several things that can be used. Urban Farming as the provision of animal and vegetable food and clean water. Parasite architecture for lack of land by constructing buildings that are attached to other buildings. As well as green architecture for the preservation of the environment/nature and the production of clean and renewable energy. All three are combined in one design so that the concept of “Green ‘Parasite’ Urban Farming Architecture” appears.
Arture : Flora Research Center
YUNITA MELANI PUTRI | 08111940000009
Indonesia is a country that ranks 4th with the highest population in the world. It is also expected to continue to increase in the next few years. This population growth will also affect the demand for buildings. Thus, the land will also be reduced. On the other hand, Indonesia has a very abundant amount of natural resources. However, in reality, many people exploit natural resources so this does not rule out the possibility that one day in the future they will run out due to human activity.
So, the effort that can be proposed to be able to prevent it is if architecture is presented to care for nature so that it remains sustainable and does not invade nature. Because as is known, so far a building erected in nature must also indirectly damage nature by invading it. Thus, activities that can be accommodated such as research on flora can be realized in this design.
The concept that is brought is a combination of architecture and nature that functioned for research and preservation so that the abundant natural resources in Indonesia are not exhausted. The focus of this design is to provide research on floral elements at many architectural points. Target users are flora researchers as well as students who might want to learn more about flora. The hope is this design can later accommodate activities for research and learning/education.
Belonging and Triangle
Muhammad Rifki Maizar | 08111940000010
Nature and constructed always make a relationship. From this relationship, born a place. Many theorists arguing what is a place. Norburg-Shulz in Genius Loci: Towards A Phenomenology of Architecture, “In general, a place is given such a character or “atmosphere.” A place is therefore a qualitative, “total” phenomenon, which we cannot reduce to any of its properties, such as spatial relationships, without losing its concrete nature out of sight.” Total phenomenon that he means is concrete phenomena and intangible human phenomena, nature and constructed environment, and other relationship. He argues that we must find the essence of place by genius loci (visual thinking), that the embodied meaning of landscape is there to be sensed, not seen. Its invisible essence of more value than its visible presence.
Edward Relph in Place and Placelessness, “…places constitute significant centers of experience within the context of the lived-space of the everyday social world.” He put more pressure on experience of place. Unlike Norburg-Shulz, Relph argue that not all place described as “A Place”. There are some spaces that need to be experienced within the context to make it we called “A Place”.
Meanwhile Kathryn Moore in Genius Loci: Hidden Truth or Hidden Agenda, “Rather than thinking a place can “speak” to you, reveal what it “wants to be” by imposing on your thoughts in a particular way, a place can be seen as simply “providing some sort of stimuli which you can respond to.”” She is more against the Norburg-Shulz’s argument about Genius Loci. She argue that redefining the relationship between the senses and intelligence makes it clear that meaning is not embodied in the landscape, but is entirely dependent on the sense we make of what we see in front of us. To understand what we see in the landscape, requires a strong feeling for our culture and traditions, requires critical, analytical skill and knowledge of the visual and conceptual medium of our practice — an intellectual understanding and appreciation of why things look like they do, given the time, place and context. It is what we need to design places of meaning and significance.
From that analysis and synthesis, the issue of all theorists related to “Place”. What its essence, experience, and significance of place, I think it’s all matter, but no one is absolute. The context of the issue related to how they think. Norburg-Shulz press on phenomenology of architecture, while Edward Relph presses on phenomenology of place. Kathryn Moore, rather than thinking like them, she is more pragmatist. From a pragmatic perspective there is nothing down there to refer to, no true reality or “the world as it really is” to be found, no universal truth or framework underlying our culture.
How about architecture nowadays? Pragmatism and Architecture are already blended into Pragmatism Architecture. This becomes nowadays context for looking the relevance of the third theory in architecture nowadays.
Pragmatism Architecture is more advance than just pragmatism. It’s not only thing about function and form, but also how place should be blended with societal needs and cultural beliefs. Tunjungan is one of some places that be blended with societal needs and cultural beliefs. Its history “speaks” to us by its site properties, and we can respond it to make it “speak louder”.
From that, I argue that it’s not hard to think what place “speak” to us. Some place nowadays “want to speak” to us because they want to conserve their nature, character, or history such as cultural heritage.
But what if a place can’t speak to us or can’t provide some sort of stimuli or clue because of one major property, or some properties are lost? Or only one major property that left? For example, property of place that Lost/Unknown is Culture/Tradition/Symbol/History. Uncountable Urban Building In 2050 increasing anonymity and heterogeneity of place, losing its character. Anonymity; a loss of identity and sense of belongingness because of heterogeneity (mixture of people). How we make a building without important reference such as culture, tradition, symbol, or history?
How about using a “sense of belonging” as a guide in constructing buildings? What if when in a room you have an attachment to other people without any partitions, but have a different quality of space? How about using only one geometric shape in a building to create a “sense of belonging”?
Because of there’s no reference to create architecture, we can create it from it’s basic of architecture; geometry (triangle) and an issue; sense of belonging. A collection of various kinds of triangular shapes from a combination of 3 corner models (right angle, acute angle and obtuse angle) creating a form and room by creation of walls from those.
Roof design is also from the triangle pattern. Creating a grid from the wall pattern for floor and roof. Then the wall line is connected to the end of the roof form horizontally. Each corner point of the line on the column is drawn with a height from 2 m to 8.2 m (Depending on the highest peak of each corner of the wall). The height of wall and roof is using golden ratio to each other. Take the shape of the roof horizontally and draw a line from the created wall. Then every two points on the edge of the roof is pulled 2 m to provide an opening.
