#9

Genius Loci : Comfort and Ergonomic in Modern Building Based on Various Ethnics in Nusantara and Foreign Architecture

Gabriela Emily Xian — 08111840000043

For western nations, genius loci is something that cannot be proven and must be avoided in architectural practice because it is only ‘advice’ from previous ancestors without knowing the facts, but it is different for eastern nations, including Indonesia. Indonesia has a variety of tribes and cultures that remain firmly rooted and develop, including ancestral values. Genius loci is still exist in Indonesia. People in ancient times were able to survive with modest conditions and they really appreciated nature, these values were passed down to the next generation even though many of them thought this was out of date. Genius loci contains values that should be preserved and adapted to the times. The difference in mindset that develops on the west and east sides of the world causes a shift in the meaning of genius loci that is not the same on both sides. Pegirian and Kya-kya in Surabaya is an economic area with cultural acculturation (Javanese, Madura, Chinese, and Arabic). Even though it is labeled as cultural area, the building that stands in this area do not describe the local culture. By taking the cultural values contained in the traditional house (related to natural preservation) the designer seeks to provide a gathering place to build an economy and kinship that presents the values of the four cultures. Exploration begins by collecting data from roofs’ form to ornaments and even the zoning of the four houses according to local culture. Then found some similarities, namely regarding the living room as a place to interact and have a strong orientation Apart from the Nusantara Architecture, nature is the main thing and must be respected so that as much as possible it does not ‘hurt’ nature, so that an arrangement of building masses is created that shows a hierarchy of space with a position that respects nature with wide roof shapes like Joglo roofs and Tanean Janjhang roofs that tapers like a Chinese roof with an arch on the side of the opening to give an Arabic accent as a place for buying, selling and gathering.

How People Move: Materials and Circulate as Movement

Angelica Athalia H. — 08111840000052

How humans can move and achieve the desired goals is one of the issues that is tried to be raised in this design. All individuals will need a physical activity, one of which is walking. In the process there are three important points, namely the beginning, middle and end. Every movement process carried out has several influences which are dominated by the human senses. In designs with theories related to materials, the determination and amount of material used will have an effect. The previous question will try to be answered by providing a new statement, namely the relationship of material and movement for humans. There are many ways for humans to achieve something through the way he enjoys most. From there, material could be the one of factors which play a important role in making decision. The concept that will be design relate to well being which human have tried to achieve with every possibility. The exploration which done use vary of materials commonly found in construction and very familiar with it.

Honesty (n)or Deception : Industrialism and Nature in Architecture

Audida Naritya — 08111840000045

This design based on research on the theory of honesty & deception designed by Ruskin and Le Corbusier. An interesting opinion emerged and of course also accompanied by contradictory spices between the two opinions. Ruskin who upholds the beauty of nature with all its imperfections and processes, and on the other hand there is Le Corbusier with beauty or whatever and focuses on the efficiency of industrialization. From this the writer asks ‘what kind of speculation will emerge from natural beauty and industrialism?’ So what will emerge from industrialism and natural beauty? From that question, the writer revisits the starting point of this opinion, which is about honest architecture. What kind of architecture can be considered honest? The answer that the author got can be seen through the material. Material is one of the particles in architectural objects that turns out to hold a strong key in understanding honesty in architecture. Materials can be processed by industrialism and traditional/conventional. The unification of the material through the industrialization and conventional processes is what the author designed. With the unification of this material, it is concluded that the speculation that is formed between natural beauty and industrialism is that these two things can go hand in hand and complement each other in a new architecture.

Facilitating Social Inequality with Contextualism Principles Through Botanical Garden and Urban Farming Planning

Fadilah Nur A. — 08111840000015

Over time, population growth will continue to increase. The rate of population growth is directly proportional to the needs of clothing, food, housing, and the economy. Differences in economic income to meet these needs can lead to social inequalities that are clearly visible in one place. With speculation related to the existing theory, namely how contextualism and figure-ground can facilitate social inequality, then through the process of mass transformation and others, bi.go is designed with the aim of facilitating social inequality by presenting mini botanical gardens and urban farming as well as to improve social quality and inter-community economics.

Gendered Architectural Form in Coalesced Recreation Centre

Athifa Pradya Ayutaffana — 08111840000076

One body as a representation and standard of buildings in classical times using the representation of “well-shaped man”, ie “man” who is “well-shaped”. Then came the phenomenon of sexism, where this concept shows the perfection of men and imperfections of women. Women’s bodies are removed and their functions are ‘replaced into men’s bodies’, So that, an understanding of architecture is a work that refers to and represents one body — the body of a “well-shaped man”. what if both genders — feminine and masculine — can still be well represented in architectural form?

Many think that gender fields in architecture is related to social construction interaction in a space. Gendered space can be identified by if it is used by female or male. However, it’s not much has been discussed about how gender can be translated into a form. In this design project, the context is discussing masculine and feminine in Indonesia which are represented in building form. Indonesia is an archipelagic country consisting of many tribes, races, and others. Of the total population, the number of male population is more than the number of female population. So to represent both, the masculine form in this project will be dominant over the feminine form. The ‘dominant form’ is probably still within the sexist phenomenon. To avoid this, the architectural aspect that needs to be iterated is hierarchy. Hierarchy is an architectural principle that needs to be fulfilled in a building. The hierarchy in this project is certainly related to gender, how is the dimensions that distinguish between feminine and masculine forms. This aspects explored the height of the building, the size of the mass, the size of the space, and the placement of colors and shapes. Based on the studies that have been conducted, masculine forms can be identified as strong, sharp, large, having a dominant solid color, and heavy. While feminine forms can be identified as smooth, soft, small, has a soft color, and seems light. Thus, the masculine shape in the design has a sharp and angular shape, has a more solid color than the feminine form — -blue for masculine form, and pink for feminine form. In order for both to be well represented and balanced, some feminine buildings are lower than masculine forms, and some are higher, and the two are placed side by side. The method used to create masculine and feminine shapes side by side is to create layers of masculine and feminine shapes. So that when the layers are combined, there is form diversities and those two are side by side. From those forms, the structure used in this project are folded plate and space frame which structurally supports the load from the roof directly to the column. The folded plate structure seems massive and heavy so that this system is applied to masculine buildings. Meanwhile, the feminine structure used curved concrete, considering to its flexibility.

Unification Of Social Strata

Olivia Karenina B. — 08111840000046

Starting from the debate about context and building by Le Corbusier, Jane Jacobs, and Tom Schucmaher, it became the beginning of the speculative idea “How if social inequality can be united” where Formal Configuration is not the same as grouping social status. The idea of speculation is based on the theory put forward by Tom Scumacher thus “The value of land and the economic needs of high concentration groups of people have severely limited the flexibility of the capitalist city.” The increase in population that is growing rapidly is very influential on urban planning. This has an impact on the environment and buildings as well as the social life of the community where more and more urban development will feel full and dense. In general urban design updates, Building Faces are grouped according to their formal design preferences. Likewise with the social life of the community, Humans are grouped based on their “economic capabilities” which have an impact on the underprivileged community which causes inequality in social status. Social inequality affects the environment in urban planning where people with low social status are usually placed in slums and demeaned. This building can facilitate the community regardless of skin, social status and others. The building represents the Figure by Ground theory with the meaning of solid — void which can be represented in the mass of the building. Solid-Void can be defined by a combination of dark and light, where solid is solid, filled. walls, floors, columns, etc. while void space between. The voids are cut & defined by the solids. Merauke City Park is a public facility in Merauke which is an open area where people can exercise, play, culinary, and mourn which can be enjoyed from children to the elderly. With the “Heal Park” concept by utilizing colors and also a water pool (relaxation) that can help people refresh and play with a mix of colors in the park that can attract people’s attention.

IN BETWIXT

Devi Novita Sari — 08111840000012

An architecture theorist, Carol Buns, write an essay back in 1991 entitled On Site: Architectural Preoccupations. He mentions clearly his point of view on positionin site, he define site as particular conjunction where the temporal is eroded by the spatial and where history becomes the isolated image of its residue, and hence in his essay he equate site with “Nature”. Buns stated that nature can be seen through two mindsets, cleared site and constructed site. The cleared site mindsetsee a site like a blank canvass, eliminate all characteristics and variables that have been an identity for the site. In contrary, the constructed site mindset emphasizes the visible physicality, morphological qualities, and existing conditions of site. He underlined: site is always shifting from natural layer to constructed layer. But, as many aspects of human living, architecture has developed rapidly, and now we can not always put judgment that construction is always nature’s opposition. When Buns offers certainty in seeing site as cleared or constructed, here the authors questioning the opposite, what if architecture develops against “that binary logic”? Can spatial configuration provoke the user that site is not absolutely shifting from natural to constructed? IN BETWIXT — is an architectural project that seeks the uncertain intermediary condition between natural and constructed. The designer commits to bring that conditions to the user by presenting the feelings of liminal state. Liminal state is feeling of being in two places and in neither at the same time, in this project the liminal state is created by organizing architectural structure and landscape elements harmoniously so that can provide conditions between interiority — exteriority, and smooth transition between building — landscape. Criteria design has set, the main criteria are the shape does not eliminate site’s rural character of the site and minimizing the footprint of the building. The concept exploration was using 5 methods: Adding, subtracting, fragmenting, copying and repeating, and reflecting as refers to Alejandro Beals, Blurring Boundaries Strategies. The shape then rechecked with design criteria to see which one has most concordance, and the result is the shape from fragmenting method. The modular shape was created “floating” above the original landscape, so the user can flexibly enjoy the site by walk under the module, go inside the module to visit the gallery and working space, or go to the top of module to enjoy the view of rivers and cityscape. The space between the module’s structure also develop but have no specific program, leaving the space for interpretation and adaptation, promoting the indeterminate and unexpected experience in enjoying architectural object and site feature at the same time.

Humanism in 2021 : Keputran Market Revitalization

Nabila Puspitowati — 08111840000048

As time goes by, the human population is increasing, there are more and more diverse human activities, but the available land is limited to support these activities. It was called industrialism. A time when buildings towered with indeterminate functions. This period is also where the principle of humanism, the principle that prioritizes the role of humans in designing, is starting to be forgotten. In fact, this principle is very important considering humans will use the building. From there, a speculation arose, “What if Humanism is still applied in 2021?” From the speculation, I tried to redesign one of the buildings in 2021 that does not apply the principles of humanism. Keputran Market in Surabaya is one of them. Keputran Market has about 600 booths but with narrow circulation, low ceilings, dark, closed, and other shortcomings. From the conditions that violated the principles of humanism, I tried to redesign the Keputran Market. The process of designing the Keputran Market Revitalization begins with the preparation of a grid. This grid aims as a barried between one activity and another. The barrier is assisted by the placement of columns in each corner. This grid produces the same size and shape. In addition, of course, the grid also produces a wide circulation for its users. With the new form, besides pleasing the eye and creating comfort in buying and selling activities, it is hoped that it will serve as a reminder not to neglect the role of humans in designing.

Metabolism in Indonesia’s Current Lifestyle

Frederica Theana Barata — 08111840000016

In the era of modern architecture, there was a dispute regarding the concept of metabolic architecture. Understanding the architecture of metabolism is also increasingly confused after the Japanese published the theory. However, between Kisho Kurukawa ‘ s metabolic theory and Santiago Calatrava ‘ s theory, there are some similarities. Although Calatrava ‘ s theory of metabolism tends to be metaphorical, in theory, a building must also be flexible, demonstrate its capabilities, and respect the principles of nature. In Kisho Kurokawa ‘ s theory of metabolism, buildings must be flexible, follow technology, and respect nature. The metaphor of the cell life cycle can be a flexible, functional, and natural application of metabolism. This is also a lifestyle solution for Indonesian people who like to adjust their place of residence according to their stage of life. modules in buildings are made to be removed and installed, combined and separated. the form of a studio module can be very flexible. The facade is made of modern tropical according to the tastes of the Indonesian people. For closeness to nature, all units get beautiful natural views and the building tries to reduce the footprint of the building.