Users all have intrinsic attentional resources
Selective Attention and Gestalt Theory
Are we using our human attention resources appropriately?
Humans have an inherent Attention Resource. However, attention resources are limited, so it is important to use them wisely according to the situation.
- Selective attention
This is the case when decision makers sometimes choose striking clues over useful and meaningful ones. This can be referred to as ‘cognitive tunneling’ because of overly selective focus.
- There may be wrong choices - Focused attention
When ignoring feedback provided to focus only on incoming messages.
- Your attention may be disrupted by your surroundings - Divided attention
Distractions sometimes limit your ability to distribute time between two or more concurrent tasks.
- Simultaneous task processing may fail
It is important to use the above three attention patterns in a context-optimized form. Inattention is cited as the cause of most human errors (human errors), and when evaluated analytically, intentional inattention is very rare, mainly selective attention, the influence of external distractions, and an environment of excessive distraction. You can tell it’s the cause.
Therefore, it is very important to prevent accidental accidents caused by human error to prevent cases of incorrect attention through interface design.
Pre-attensive processing
- Gestalt Theory
It refers to the basic principle of proactively grouping elements that appear on a display. We consider it conceptual by grouping elements that we have already paid attention to visually, even if we don’t intend to.
Similarity — we tend to group similar items together
Continuation — The law of continuity holds that points that are connected by straight or curving lines are seen in a way that follows the smoothest path.
Closure — if something is missing in an otherwise complete figure, we will tend to add to it
Proximity — The law of proximity suggests that objects near each other tend to be viewed as a group.
Figure-ground — we seem to have an innate tendency to perceive one aspect of an event as the figure or fore-ground and the other as the ground or back-ground.
Gestalt Institute of Cleveland
2. Global and local perception
Judgment from an omniscient perspective tends to be proactive and automatic, which can reduce the user’s attention span when processing information on a multi-element display.
3. Precedence & Congruence
Antecedent events and subsequent experiences influence cognition. Human cognition that has experienced the preceding event has a longer reaction time and is more likely to make mistakes in judgment. Therefore, it is important to avoid confusion by providing an appropriate upfront experience. This is because inappropriate guidelines can actually cause confusion.
In the next article, we will talk about the Mental Model and Compatibility of Human Working Model.
