Dependency injection in Flutter using ProxyProvider

Provider has taken the Flutter world by storm and the latest v3 update is no different. In my current development stack, I use get_it as my service locator to get my objects and services into places where the context is not available. The only con I had with provider is providing objects where the BuildContext is not available was difficult and required a lot of boilerplate code. In V3 of the update, the ProxyProvider was introduced. ProxyProvideris a provider that builds a value based on other providers.

This means you can now inject providers into other provided values.

Implementation

Starting off we have to add the new shiny provider v3 to our pubspec

provider: ^3.0.0

Then to demonstrate the new functionality we’ll create two classes. Api and HomeModel. The HomeModel will depend on the API and we’ll do constructor injection on the homeModel.

// api.dart
class Api {
  String get loggedIn => 'I am logged in';
}
// home_model.dart
class HomeModel extends ChangeNotifier {
  final Api api;
  HomeModel({this.api});
}

In the main file, we’ll wrap our MaterialApp with a MultiProvider.

class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return MultiProvider(
      providers: [],
      child: MaterialApp(
        theme: ThemeData(primaryColor: Colors.red),
        home: Scaffold(
          body: Center(child: Text('ProxyProvider example')),
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}

The MultiProvider takes in multiple providers and exposes it to it's subtree (which is the entire material app). The first provider we'll give will be the Api

...
  providers: [
    Provider.value(value: Api()),
  ]
  ...

Now let's look at the newly added provider ProxyProvider. The provider is generic and expects two or more types. The first type is the type your new provided value depends on, and the second type is the type for the provider you want to return. We will construct using the API and the HomeModel. Add this provider underneath the API Provider.

ProxyProvider<Api, HomeModel>(
  builder: (context, api, homeModel) => HomeModel(api: api),
)

What we’re doing here is saying we want to provide a HomeModel but we also want the Api when we’re building our model. In the builder, we then get the Api as well as the initial HomeModel. The initial homeModel is always null unless you supply the initialBuilder with a value.

Usage

Just to show that it works we’ll Wrap the Center widget with a Consumer and use the value from the Api. You build function should look something like this.

@override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return MultiProvider(
      providers: [
        Provider.value(
          value: Api(),
        ),
        ProxyProvider<Api, HomeModel>(
          // Dependency injection
          builder: (context, api, homeModel) => HomeModel(api: api),
        )
      ],
      child: MaterialApp(
        theme: ThemeData(primaryColor: Colors.red),
        home: Scaffold(
          body: Consumer<HomeModel>(
            builder: (context, model, child) => Center(
                  child: Text(model.api.loggedIn),
                ),
          ),
        ),
      ),
    );
  }

Now at this point, you’ll see an error like this. It’s telling you what the value changes from the API will not automatically cause rebuilds in the HomeModel. Which is exactly what we want.

To fix this we have to tell Provider not to shows us this message during debugging. Update your main function and set the check to null.

void main() {
  Provider.debugCheckInvalidValueType = null;
  runApp(MyApp());
}

If you run this now you should see your message on the screen. That’s the basics of dependency injection using ProxyProvider. I’m working on a new tutorial that covers this in depth so subscribe on youtube to get that video when it comes out. Check out the rest of the Snippets to get some more flutter magic.

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