10 Most Influential Kazakh Lawyers and Scholars

Published in

Heritage Digest

13 min readJun 23, 2024

Kazakhstan has been home to many distinguished lawyers who have significantly influenced the nation's legal landscape. From early advocates of justice to contemporary legal luminaries, these individuals have shaped the legal framework and played pivotal roles in the country’s history and development. Their contributions range from pioneering legal reforms to defending human rights and have left an indelible mark on Kazakhstan’s legal system. Here are ten of the most influential Kazakh lawyers throughout history:

Erlan Idrissov (1959-Present)
Zagipa Baliyeva (1958-Present)
Kairat Abdrakhmanov (1964-Present)
Aiman Umarova (Unknown)
Igor Rogov (1950-Present)
Rashid Tusupbekov (1955-present)
Zhenis Kassymbek (1975-Present)
Serik Akhmetov (1958-Present)
Marat Beketaev (1977-Present)
Bakhytjan Sagintayev (1963-Present)

1. Erlan Idrissov (1959-Present)

Erlan Abilfayizuly Idrissov, born on April 28, 1959, in Karkaralinsk, Kazakhstan, has established himself as a prominent figure in Kazakhstani diplomacy and foreign affairs. Raised in a Muslim Kazakh family, Idrissov’s father, Abu’l-Fayz Idrissov, likely shaped his early life and aspirations. Idrissov’s academic journey began at Moscow State University, where he pursued studies in international economic relations, specializing in Urdu and English, and graduated in 1981. His education was further enhanced by a 1992 graduation from the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation.

Idrissov’s career trajectory was marked by significant diplomatic roles, starting in 1981 as an assistant at VO Tyazhpromexport in Pakistan. His early career involved various positions in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Kazakh SSR, including roles in the Press and Information Department and the State Protocol Department. His international exposure expanded as he served at the Soviet Embassy in India and later as the First Secretary and head of the Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Kazakhstan. His experience at the United Nations as a Second and First Secretary of Kazakhstan’s Permanent Representative further solidified his diplomatic credentials.

Erlan Idrissov’s most notable achievements include his tenure as Kazakhstan’s Foreign Minister from 1999 to 2002 and 2012 to 2016. These periods were pivotal in shaping Kazakhstan’s foreign policy, especially strengthening relations with Western countries. His leadership in hosting the P5+1 talks with Iran and regional mediation efforts showcased Kazakhstan’s global role. As a mediator in regional disputes and a proponent of Kazakhstan’s multi-vector foreign policy, Idrissov’s contribution to international diplomacy is significant. As of late 2022, he served as Ambassador of Kazakhstan to the United Kingdom, furthering his impact on international relations.

2. Zagipa Baliyeva (1958-Present)

Zagipa Baliyeva, born on October 3, 1958, in the village of Jalanash, Kegen District, Almaty Region, Kazakhstan, began her career modestly as a laboratory assistant at a vocational school from 1975 to 1976. She is the daughter of parents from Raiymbek District, reflecting a humble upbringing. Her early life set the foundation for a career marked by dedication and service.

Baliyeva’s academic journey led her to the Kazakh State University named after Kirov, where she graduated in 1981, specializing as a lawyer. This education paved the way for her entry into the legal field, initially working as a legal advisor for the Dzhambul Regional Construction Bank from 1981 to 1982. Her dedication to law and order was evident from the early stages of her career, as she quickly moved up the ranks in various legal and administrative roles.

Her significant contributions began as the head of the department for accounting and distribution of living space of the Almaty City Executive Committee from 1986 to 1992, showcasing her capability in managing complex administrative tasks. Baliyeva’s political career saw a major leap when she became the Deputy of the Supreme Council of the Republic of Kazakhstan of the XIII convocation in 1994–1995. She served as the Chairwoman of the Central Electoral Commission from 1996 to 2006, playing a pivotal role in overseeing elections in Kazakhstan. Her appointment as the Minister of Justice in 2006 further elevated her status as a prominent legal figure in Kazakhstan, marking her as a key player in the country’s legal and political landscape. Baliyeva continued to serve her country in various capacities, including as an ombudsman for children’s rights and a deputy in the Mazhilis, demonstrating her versatility and commitment to public service. As of March 2021, she has been contributing to the field of education as the Vice-Rector of the Kazakh National Agrarian Research University in Almaty, underscoring her ongoing commitment to the development of Kazakhstan.

3. Kairat Abdrakhmanov (1964-Present)

Kairat Abdrakhmanov, born on April 21, 1964, embarked on a path of diplomacy and international relations that would make him a prominent figure in Kazakhstani foreign affairs. His early life and upbringing, though not extensively publicized, laid the foundation for a career in global diplomacy. His parents’ roles in his life, while not specifically documented, presumably shaped his values and aspirations.

Abdrakhmanov’s academic journey in international relations began with his entry into Kazakhstan's Ministry of Foreign Affairs in 1993. This pivotal step marked the start of a distinguished diplomatic career. His assignments included roles at the Kazakh Embassies in the United Kingdom, Sweden, Denmark, Austria, and Israel. His educational background, particularly in international studies, equipped him with the necessary skills to navigate the complexities of global diplomacy and foreign affairs.

Significant achievements highlight Abdrakhmanov’s career. He served as Kazakhstan’s Permanent Representative to the United Nations from 2013 to 2016, playing a key role in Kazakhstan’s successful bid to become a non-permanent member of the UN Security Council — a first for a Central Asian State. As Foreign Minister between 2016 and 2018, he represented Kazakhstan at the UN Security Council, contributing to important international dialogues and policies. His tenure as the Permanent Representative to the OSCE (2007–2013) and as the OSCE High Commissioner on National Minorities since December 2020 further cement his status as a significant figure in international diplomacy, particularly in addressing the challenges of national minorities in the OSCE region.

4. Aiman Umarova (Unknown)

Aiman Umarova, a distinguished human rights lawyer from the Jambyl Region of Kazakhstan, has established herself as a formidable advocate for legal and human rights. Though not extensively detailed in public records, her upbringing, and early life set the stage for her future as a champion of justice and fairness in her home country.

Umarova’s legal career has been marked by significant contributions to human rights, particularly in defending individuals and groups facing legal challenges. As a member of the Almaty Regional Bar Association, her work has extended to some high-profile cases, including the representation of presidential candidate Vladimir Kozlov. Her commitment to the law is evident in her approach to handling sensitive cases, especially those involving allegations of extremism and terrorism.

In addition to her legal practice, Umarova’s work extends to the rehabilitation of women associated with extremist groups. This challenging and often controversial aspect of her work underscores her dedication to ensuring justice and fair treatment for all, regardless of their circumstances. Her efforts in this area have not only contributed to the field of human rights but have also shed light on the complexities and nuances involved in cases related to extremism. Umarova’s stance that the government must fight terrorism and extremism without compromising legal integrity and human rights reflects her deep commitment to the principles of justice. Her work has earned her international recognition, including the prestigious International Women of Courage Award 2018, highlighting her significant contributions to Kazakhstan's human rights and legal profession.

5. Igor Rogov (1950-Present)

Igor Ivanovich Rogov, born on May 17, 1950, in Baku, has made significant contributions to the legal field in Kazakhstan. His early life, shaped in Baku, laid the foundation for his future career in law and justice. Details about his parents and childhood are not extensively documented, but his pursuit of higher education in jurisprudence and criminology played a crucial role in his professional development.

Rogov’s academic endeavors in law set the stage for his later achievements. His expertise in jurisprudence and criminology highlights his academic prowess and underscores his commitment to understanding and applying the complexities of the legal system. His involvement in academia suggests a dedication to nurturing and disseminating legal knowledge, which is essential for developing Kazakhstan's legal profession and judicial system.

In 2000, Rogov reached a pinnacle in his career when he was appointed Minister of Justice for Kazakhstan. This role positioned him at the forefront of the nation’s legal framework, overseeing significant aspects of the legal system. His tenure as Minister of Justice was marked by efforts to enhance and reform Kazakhstan's legal and judicial landscape. Following this, Rogov became the Chairman of the Constitutional Council of Kazakhstan, a position that further amplified his influence in shaping the constitutional and legal environment of the country. His leadership in these high-profile roles reflects his deep understanding of law and governance, and his ongoing contributions continue to impact the legal domain in Kazakhstan.

6. Rashid Tusupbekov (1955-present)

Rashid Toleutaiuly Tusupbekov, born on January 28, 1955, in Shymkent, Soviet Union, has been a prominent figure in Kazakhstan’s legal and political landscape. Growing up in Shymkent, a city known for its rich cultural and historical heritage, Tusupbekov’s upbringing in the Soviet era likely shaped his perspectives and career choices. Information about his parents and childhood is not extensively detailed, but his decision to pursue a career in law suggests a strong academic inclination from an early age.

Tusupbekov’s educational journey led him to Moscow State University, one of the most prestigious institutions in the former Soviet Union. This educational background provided him with a solid foundation in legal studies, equipping him with the knowledge and skills necessary for a career in law and governance. His time at Moscow State University would have been crucial in molding his understanding of the legal system and its application in a broader societal context.

Professionally, Tusupbekov has held several key positions in Kazakhstan’s government. He served as the 5th Attorney General of the Republic of Kazakhstan from December 21, 2000, until April 2, 2009. This role placed him at the helm of the nation’s prosecutorial services, overseeing legal compliance and justice administration. Subsequently, Tusupbekov was appointed Minister of Justice, serving from April 2, 2009, to January 20, 2012. His tenure as Minister of Justice was marked by efforts to strengthen Kazakhstan's legal and judicial frameworks. More recently, he assumed the role of the 9th President of the Financial Police, a position he has held since January 20, 2012. This role underscores his continued influence in shaping Kazakhstan's financial regulatory and legal environment. His career trajectory highlights his significant contributions to the legal and financial sectors of the country.

7. Zhenis Kassymbek (1975-Present)

Zhenis Makhmuduly Kassymbek, born on May 7, 1975, in the village of Shu, has significantly contributed to Kazakhstan’s development, particularly in transport and urban development. Raised in a Muslim family, he embarked on a path that led him to notable academic and professional achievements. His educational journey began at the Kazakh Leading Academy of Architecture and Civil Engineering, where he graduated in 1997 as an architectural designer. Furthering his education, Kassymbek graduated from the L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University in 2001, equipping him with a diverse academic background.

Kassymbek’s career started at the Kazakh Head Architecture and Civil Engineering Academy as a trainee researcher immediately after his first graduation. His journey in the professional realm quickly escalated as he became a chief specialist at Temirbank OJSC in 1998. His foray into governmental roles began with his appointment as the head of the Department of the Committee on Antimonopoly Policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Climbing the ranks, he later served as the director of the Department of Water Transport in the Ministry of Transport and Communications and then as the director of the RSE Aktau International Sea Trade Port.

His ascent in the political arena was marked by his appointment as Vice Minister of Transport and Communications in 2005. Kassymbek’s expertise led him to serve as the executive secretary, then as Minister of Transport and Communications, a role he held until the ministry’s dissolution in 2014. Subsequently, he was appointed as the First Vice Minister for Investment and Development and later as Minister, a position he held until the government’s dismissal in 2019. His appointment as Deputy Prime Minister of Kazakhstan in 2019 and later as the Äkım of the Karaganda Region underscored his crucial role in the nation’s governance. As of September 2023, Kassymbek’s leadership extended to the realm of sports, with his appointment as the President of the Athletics Federation of Astana further showcasing his versatile contributions to Kazakhstan’s development.

8. Serik Akhmetov (1958-Present)

Serik Nyghmetuly Akhmetov, born June 25, 1958, is a notable figure in Kazakhstan’s political and administrative history. His journey began in Temirtau, where he was born and later graduated in 1985 from the plant-technical educational institution at the Karaganda Metallurgical Combine with a degree in metallurgical engineering. Further enhancing his academic credentials, Akhmetov earned a doctorate in economics from the State University of Management in 1993.

His early work marks Akhmetov’s career trajectory as a turner apprentice and later at Karmetkombinat, followed by service in the Soviet Army. Returning to Karmetkombinat in 1978, he quickly advanced to leadership positions within the plant’s Komsomol Committee. His administrative capabilities were further recognized when he became the head of the Marketing Bureau and then the Department of Foreign Economic Relations at Karmetkombinat. These roles laid the foundation for his later ascent in government.

Akhmetov’s governmental career was highlighted by his appointment as Minister of Transport and Communications in 2006, followed by his roles as Deputy Prime Minister and äkim of the Karaganda Region. His pinnacle achievement came in 2012 when he was appointed Prime Minister of Kazakhstan, a position he held until his resignation in 2014. Despite his contributions to public administration, Akhmetov’s career was marred by his arrest in 2014 and subsequent conviction for crimes committed during his tenure as äkim of Karaganda. Released in 2017, Akhmetov’s story reflects the complexities and challenges of political life in Kazakhstan.

9. Marat Beketaev (1977-Present)

Marat Bakytzhanuly Beketaev, born on August 29, 1977, in Chimkent (now Shymkent), Kazakhstan, embarked on a path that led him to significant legal and political roles in his country. Raised in Shymkent, a city with a rich cultural heritage, Beketaev’s early life and family background are not widely documented. However, his academic and professional achievements suggest a strong foundation in his formative years. The environment in Shymkent likely played a role in shaping his aspirations and career choices.

Notable achievements in law mark Beketaev’s educational journey. He graduated from the Kazakh State Law University in 1998, demonstrating his early commitment to legal studies. Further enriching his expertise, he pursued and obtained a Master of Laws degree in International Business Law from the prestigious London School of Economics in 2000. This advanced education gave him a deep understanding of international legal frameworks and business law, equipping him for the complex challenges of globalized legal practices.

Professionally, Beketaev’s career is distinguished by a series of high-profile governmental roles in Kazakhstan. He began as the head of the sector in the department for work with diplomatic missions from 2001 to 2002, and then as head of the department for servicing the diplomatic corps in 2003. His ascent continued with various leadership positions, including as a Deputy Minister of Justice from 2007 to 2010 and as an advisor to both the Deputy Prime Minister and the Prime Minister. In a significant career milestone, Beketaev was appointed as the Minister of Justice from 2016 until 2022, a role in which he oversaw key legal reforms and policies. As of January 2022, he transitioned to an advisory role as the Prime Minister of Kazakhstan. However, his career faced a serious challenge when he was detained in a corruption case on October 21, 2023, a development that has undoubtedly impacted his professional legacy and personal life.

10. Bakhytjan Sagintayev (1963-Present)

Bakhytzhan Abdiruly Sagintayev, born on October 13, 1963, in Usharal village, has significantly contributed to Kazakhstan’s political and economic landscape. The son of World War II veteran Abdyr Sagintayev, Bakhytzhan embarked on an academic and political journey that led him to high-ranking governmental positions. His educational background in economics, beginning with a degree from the Kazakh State University in 1985 and followed by various academic roles, laid the groundwork for his future in public service.

Sagintayev’s entry into the political arena was marked by his appointment as deputy akim of the Jambyl Region in 1998. His career advanced as he took on roles in the Agency of the Republic of Kazakhstan for Small Business Support, Regulation of Natural Monopolies, Protection of Competition and Support for Small Business, and the Agency for Regulation of Natural Monopolies and Competition Protection. In 2004, his expertise led him to the position of chairman of the Agency for Regulation of Natural Monopolies of Kazakhstan, signifying his growing influence in the Kazakhstani political sphere.

Sagintayev’s most notable achievement was his tenure as Prime Minister of Kazakhstan from September 2016 to February 2019, during which he focused on economic and social reforms, including pediatric healthcare and inflation control. Despite challenges and criticism, including from President Nursultan Nazarbayev, Sagintayev’s efforts in government were significant. Following his resignation, he continued to serve in various high-profile roles, including State Secretary of Kazakhstan and the head of the Presidential Administration. As of late 2022, he was the Äkim of Almaty, focusing on urban development and public safety. His journey reflects a dedication to public service and governance in Kazakhstan.