Exploring Mobile IPv6
Mobile Internet Protocol (IP) provides mobility support on the existing IP infrastructure. It is needed without any modifications for the existing routers, applications or fixed end-hosts. How can mobile IP change with IPv6?
Mobile IPv6 allows an IPv6 node to be mobile like an IPv4 and supports additional support for mobility, route optimization and security. IPv6 allows Internet nodes to associate a mobile node(MN) home address with its care-of address (COA) and send packets directly to COA. MN obtains COA, eliminating the need for foreign agents. Mobile IPv6 uses route optimization by which MN sends its current COA to the correspondent node. When it knows about MN’s current COA, a correspondent node can deliver packets directly to MN’s home address without any assistance from the home agent.
Since mobile IPv6 does not make use of foreign agents, it uses correspondent nodes and binding. Binding refers to an association of home address with COA of MN. The correspondent node is a peer node with which MN communicates. It may either be mobile or stationary. Its functional operation is given below:
- MN gets registration to a foreign network (FN) and gets COA as in mobile IPv4.
- MN sends a binding update to the home agent.
- The home agent uses proxy neighbour discovery to record MN in-home network (HN).
- IP datagram addressed to MN is encapsulated in IPv6 to IPv6 tunnel. Then, the encapsulated packet is sent to the COA of MN.
- IP datagram from MN makes use of the same tunnel in reverse.
- IP datagram from MN is sent to the correspondent node directly.
- MN sends a binding update to the correspondent node.
- Mobility Support in IPv6 retains the ideas of HN, home agent and use of encapsulation to deliver packets from HN to MN.s current point of attachment, like in IPv4
IP telephony and VoIP
The Internet was established primarily for transporting traditional data. Traditional data differs from the other communication services, namely, voice and video, in many respects. From customers’ point of view, a single network for all services sounds appealing.
Single infrastructure, single access is always affordable and convenient. The natural question that arose then was, “Why not use the internet to carry all services of voice, video and data?”
Solutions for this came in the forms of Internet Protocol telephony (IP telephony)/VoIP. These solutions address the technical challenges of carrying real-time and jitter-free voice and video over the internet.
There are several advantages for transmitting VoIP, including:
- Long-distance calls at low cost but, maybe, of low quality
- Cheaper two-in-one service
- Use of PC as a true multimedia terminal
- One connection for all services
- Local exchanges to support telephone with the internet as the backbone and without high investment in expensive backbone infrastructure
- The use of packetized voice allows voice compression, which in turn, reduces transmission time and cost. Earlier, telecommunication traffic or telephony connections outnumbered data traffic. In the future, there will be an explosion in data traffic. The need to deploy the internet for real-time services like voice and video has necessitated redesigning of some features of the internet.
- Redesigning of IP datagram format
- Using real-time data transfer protocol (RTP) and IP for carrying voice over conventional IP datagram and the internet
Internet telephony refers to communications services- voice, facsimile and/or voice message applications- that are transported via the internet, rather than public switched telephone networks (PTSN). IP telephony is a general term used for technologies that use IP’s packet-switched connections to exchange voice, fax and other forms of information that have traditionally been carried over dedicated circuit-switched connections of PTSN.
Using the internet, calls travel as packets of data on shared lines, avoiding tolls of PTSN, The challenge in IP telephony focuses on this challenge.VoIP is an organised effort to standardise IP telephony.
VoIP is simply the transmission of voice traffic over IP-based networks.PTSN based on circuit switching provides voice service with guaranteed quality of service (QoS). This is not the case with voice services provided by the Internet that acts on packet watching.
IP telephony is an important part of the integration of computers, telephones and TVs in a single, integrated information environment. It has become a reliable communication option with a well-established standardised communication protocol.
.
.
**We also invite science and technology enthusiasts to write for us. If you think you have interesting stuff which the world should know about, send in your articles to us!***
Interested in writing for us? Fill up this form!
