Git Commands Cheat Sheet

Source: https://git-scm.com/downloads/logos

This is a list of git commands for quick reference.
Kindly refer to other git tutorials if you are not familiar with git commands.

To check the installed git version

git --version

To see the list of git commands

git

Git configuration commands

Sets up git with your name

git config --global user.name “<username>”

Sets up git with your email

git config --global user.email “<email_address>”

Windows-style checkout

git config --global core.autocrlf true

Atom editor setup

git config --global core.editor “atom --wait”

Sublime Text setup

git config --global core.editor “‘C:/Program Files/Sublime Text 2/sublime_text.exe’ -n -w”

VS code setup

git config --global core.editor “code --wait”

Makes sure that git output is colored

git config --global color.ui auto

Displays the original state in a conflict

git config --global merge.conflictstyle diff3

Windows git credentials manager

git config --global credential.helper wincred

To view the current configuration

git config -l
git config --list

To create a repository

Empty repository

git init

With the provided project name

git init <project_name>

To clone repositories

To clone a repo

git clone <repository_link>

To clone a repo and rename the directory

git clone <repository_link> <new_directory_name>

To check status

git status

To check history

To display all of the commits of a repository

git log

Displays commit message with just the short SHA and commit message

git log --oneline

To get commit statistics: display the files that have been changed in the commit, as well as the number of lines that have been added or deleted

git log --stat

To display the actual changes made to a file

git log -p
git log --patch

Shows the patch information, but will not highlight lines where only whitespace changes have occurred.

git log -p -w

To display details of a specific commit

git log <flag_params> <commit_SHA>

To display commit details in a graph (bulleted)

git log --oneline --graph

To display commit details from all branches in a graph (bulleted)

git log --oneline --graph --all

Note: Use ‘q’ to return from git log

To check details about the last commit

git show

To check details about a given commit

git show <commit_SHA>

Note: The output of the git show command is exactly the same as the git log -p command unless — stat or other flags are provided.

Staging

To move files from working directory to staging index

git add <filename.extension>

To stage multiple files

git add <file1> <file2> … <fileN>

Note: If one file has errors in staging, no file is staged.

To stage all files in the current directory and all nested directories

git add .

To unstage files

git rm --cached <filename-extension>

To unstage all files in the current directory and all nested directories

git rm --cached -r .

Committing

To commit staged files

git commit

To add commit message in command without opening thecode editor

git commit -m <commit_message>

To view uncommitted changes

To see changes that have been made but haven’t been committed

git diff

.gitignore :

Add files to ignore in the “.gitignore” file

• blank lines can be used for spacing
• # marks the line as a comment
• * matches 0 or more characters
• ? matches 1 character
• [abc] matches a, b, _or_ c
• ** matches nested directories: a/**/z matches a/z, a/b/z ,a/b/c/z etc.

Git tags

To display all tags in the repo

git tag

To add an annotated tag to a recent commit

git tag -a <tag>

To add an annotated tag to a past commit

git tag -a <tag> <commit_SHA>

To add tag without annotated info

git tag <tag>

To view tags in commit logs

git log --decorate
(or)
git log

To delete a tag

git tag -d <tag>
git tag --delete <tag>

Branching

To list all branches in the repository

git branch

Note: The one with ‘*’ is the active branch

To create a new branch

git branch <branch_name>

To checkout to a branch

git checkout <branch_name>

To delete a branch

git branch -d <branch_name>

To force delete a branch (To delete branch unique commits)

git branch -D <branch_name>

Checkout

To checkout to a branch

git checkout <branch_name>

To create a new branch from the current branch and checkout to it

git checkout -b <branch_name>

To create a new branch from a given checkout branch and checkout to it

git checkout -b <branch_name> <checkout_branch_name>

Merging

To merge a branch

git merge <branch_name>

Note: Checkout correct branch before merging

Fast-forward merging: Branch to merge in is directly ahead of checked out branch

Changing the last commit

To change the last commit message

It also commits any staged files

git commit --amend

Revert commit

To revert changes made by a commit

git revert <SHA-of-commit-to-revert>

Note: This creates a new commit with commit message ‘Revert “commit message of commit to revert” ‘.

Reset commit

Note :

• ^ indicates the parent commit
• ~ indicates the first parent commit
• The parent commit :

HEAD^, HEAD~ or HEAD~1

• The grandparent commit

HEAD^^ or HEAD~2

• The great-grandparent commit

HEAD^^^ or HEAD~3

• On Windows in cmd.exe, ^ is a special character and needs to be treated differently. You can either double it or put the commit reference in quotes.

To undo a merge

git reset HEAD~1
or
git reset --mixed HEAD~1

Moves last commit changes to the working directory

To the working directory

--mixed

To staging area

--soft

To trash

--hard

To undo a merge

git reset — hard HEAD^

Please comment on the commands you would like to add to the list.

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