Circular Economy Cities: How Nordhavn Leads the Way in Sustainable Urban Living

Robert C. Brears
Mark and Focus
Published in
3 min readApr 5, 2023

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Discover how Copenhagen’s Nordhavn district champions the circular economy model, transforming urban living through innovative waste-to-energy solutions and sustainable practices.

By Robert C. Brears

Circular economy cities are urban areas that prioritize the efficient use of resources by minimizing waste, promoting recycling and upcycling, and encouraging regenerative practices. This approach contrasts the traditional linear economy, which follows a “take, make, dispose” model, generating significant waste and environmental degradation. By adopting circular economy principles, cities can reduce their ecological footprint, improve resource management, and create more sustainable living environments for their residents.

Nordhavn: A Model for Circular Economy Cities and Sustainable Urban Innovation

Nordhavn, once an industrial harbour area, has been undergoing a transformation into an eco-friendly, mixed-use district that exemplifies the core values of circular economy cities. With plans to accommodate 40,000 residents and 40,000 jobs by 2060, the district is designed to support long-term urban growth while minimizing its environmental footprint.

A standout feature of Nordhavn’s circular economy approach is its innovative waste-to-energy (WtE) facility. WtE plants convert waste into electricity or heat through incineration, gasification, or other advanced thermal treatment methods. These facilities help manage waste and contribute to renewable energy production, reducing dependence on fossil fuels and lowering greenhouse gas emissions.

In addition to WtE, Nordhavn embraces a multi-faceted approach to sustainable living rooted in circular economy principles:

  1. Green transportation: Nordhavn’s infrastructure promotes low-carbon mobility options like cycling, walking, and public transportation, reducing traffic congestion and air pollution while encouraging resource conservation.
  2. Energy-efficient buildings: New constructions in Nordhavn adhere to strict energy efficiency standards, utilizing materials and technologies that lower energy consumption and minimize waste, in line with circular economy goals.
  3. Urban green spaces: Parks, waterfront areas, and green roofs provide residents with access to nature, contributing to overall well-being and fostering a sense of community while supporting local biodiversity and ecosystem services.
  4. Climate resilience: Nordhavn’s urban design incorporates measures to cope with the effects of climate change, such as flood-resistant infrastructure and sustainable stormwater management systems, ensuring the long-term viability and resource preservation.
  5. Circular economy principles in action: The district prioritizes waste reduction, recycling, and upcycling initiatives to minimize resource consumption, effectively closing the loop and promoting sustainable urban living.

By implementing these strategies, Nordhavn is setting a powerful example for other cities to follow, showcasing how circular economy principles can be integrated into urban planning to create more sustainable, resilient, and vibrant communities for the future.

The Take-Out

Embracing circular economy principles in urban planning fosters sustainable, resilient, and resource-efficient cities.

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Robert C. Brears
Mark and Focus

Robert is the author of Financing Water Security and Green Growth (Oxford University Press) and Founder of Our Future Water and Mark and Focus