Common Operational Methods in Osteological Treatment
Written By: Smriti Narayanan
Surgical treatment for osteological injuries is an instrumental factor in healing the bone and enabling the patient to recover. Forms of this operation are performed on patients who have experienced a traumatic/severe orthopedic injury or a severe ailment. In this case, the orthopedic injury refers to bone breaks, dislocations, fractures, hernias, impingements, and sprains. Orthopedic injuries can occur anywhere in the musculoskeletal system and, depending on their severity, may require operational surgery.
Spinal surgery is a form of operation used to heal an intensely damaged or misplaced fragment of the vertebrae. The name itself provokes fear or alarm in many patients, and they have reason to think so. The most common ailments which spinal surgery can solve are spinal disorders, ranging from sciatica & cervical radiculopathy to complex brain and spine cancers. Operation on the spine requires the detailed, careful expertise of the surgeon. The spine itself is made up of five main vertebrae sections: cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, and coccyx. In addition to the vertebrae, a number of intricate vessels and nerves are located in these regions. In order to ensure the best possible situation for the patient, the doctor may recommend an either invasive or minimally invasive operation. When taking the route of an invasive operation, the traditional open spine surgery involves exposing the entire anatomy. This entails leaving the heart, lungs and digestive organs open in the body cavity. On the other hand, minimally invasive spinal surgery exposes less of the anatomy and often means a faster recovery. Instead of cutting into the spine, additional surgical aids such as intraoperative spinal navigation is used to identify and manage the issue. Not only does minimally invasive surgery provide less damage to the patient, but it also enables the surgeon wider visibility into the operational regions with minimal exposure.
Moving into the surgery of the long bones, the sections and functions of these are very different in comparison to the spine. Even as the spinal cord has connections to each of the bones, the affected regions may be different. Some of the common ailments in this region include breaks, sprains, fractures, dislocations, and cancers (similar to the spine). The09 main issue that is known to quickly affect bones at a fatal rate is bone cancer. Osteosarcoma is a type of cancer that begins in the cells that form bones. If not treated with powerful chemotherapy, it can eventually spread to other regions of the body. One of the popular treatment methods for a cancer this aggressive is surgery. With tumors in the arms and legs, it could be tough for the surgeon to save the limb. These can be treated with either limb-salvage surgery (removing cancer and some surrounding normal tissue but leaving the limb intact) and amputation (removing cancer by operation of the entire limb). In the end, these surgical procedures prove to be successful for patients and enable them to live a better life without the worry of bone cancer.
In total, severe forms of injury and cancer entail the surgeon to use operation to improve the functionality. When cutting into the spine or bone, there is always a risk of affecting the regions surrounding. The task of an orthopedic surgeon is difficult but also goes to demonstrate the significance and advancement of surgical treatments.
Sources
Home. (n.d.). Retrieved July 31, 2020, from
https://www.beaumont.org/conditions/common-orthopedic-injuries
Surgery for Osteosarcoma. (n.d.). Retrieved July 31, 2020, from
https://www.cancer.org/cancer/osteosarcoma/treating/surgery.html
Types of Spine Surgery and How to Know When You Might Need Surgery — Penn Medicine. (n.d.).
Retrieved July 31, 2020, from https://www.pennmedicine.org/updates/blogs/neuroscience-blog/2020/july/types-of-spine-surgery
