Overview of Adware
Adware is software that presents the user with unwanted advertisements, which download continuously. It is most frequently built into free softwares as a method of generating revenue. A user may also accidentally download adware when visiting malware-infected websites which then instigates a download without knowledge or approval of the user. Security flaws in outdated operating systems can also put a user at risk for adware.
How harmful is it?
In its least devastating form, adware is simply an annoyance. It is not illegal for a software distributor to bundle adware in with their product as a means of making it free or less expensive. In these cases, the fine print in the user agreement will usually have the consumer agree to downloading the adware as a mandatory condition. Most of this adware is not necessarily harmful to the system, but it may slow the device down considerably.
However, not all adware is so harmless. In more serious cases, adware can collect personal information about the victim and use it in future exploits, acting as a form of spyware.
What can you do to avoid it?
In some cases, bundled adware can be avoided before it is downloaded and installed. Reading the messages and terms and conditions presented when installing software as well as paying close attention to any third-party applications you are being asked to install simultaneously can inform the user if adware is about to be installed. If the opportunity presents itself, uncheck any boxes for third-party software. Furthermore, strong anti-virus software can help prevent adware from running on the system. Lastly, it is always important to keep the operating system, all software and the browsers up to date. An outdated system or application can have serious vulnerabilities, and keeping up with the latest version helps ensure that all known security holes are patched.
If you notice adware within an application you use, actively research what others using the same software have to say. If the adware is malicious or if it slows down your system significantly, search for an alternative. If you notice adware running on your system outside of an application, seek to uninstall it manually or invest in anti-virus software to help. Most importantly, avoid clicking on the ads presented, as that can introduce a new set of malware into your system.
Again, not all adware is avoidable, especially if someone chooses to use a free software alternative. The most common consequence of adware is its negative impact on the speed of the device. In other cases, adware may be much more dangerous.
