Administering Networking OS — Network Configuration #10
College Online Material
Published in
3 min readMay 3, 2021
Basic Networking
Basic Networking Terminology
- Host — a host is any device that communicates with another device on a network
- Network — a network is a collection of two or more host that is able to communicate with each other
- Internet — a publically accessible network that connects millions of host throughout the world
- Wi-Fi — wireless networks
- Server/Service — when a host provides a feature to another host, that feature is called a service. For example, a web server provides the service of web pages
- Client — a client is a host that is accessing a server
- Router — also called a gateway, a router is a machine that connects hosts from one network to another network
Networking Features Terminology
- Network packet — used to send network communication between hosts
- IP address — an Internet Protocol (IP) address is a unique number assigned to hosts on a network
- Network mask — also called a netmask or mask, a network mask is a number system that can be used to define which IP addresses are considered to be within a single network
- Hostname — each host is provided a human-understandable name, called a hostname. Hostnames are translated into IP addresses before the network packet is sent on the network
- DHCP — hosts can be assigned hostnames, IP addresses, and other network-related information by a DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) server
- DNS — a server that provides the service of translating IP addresses to hostnames
- Ethernet — In a wired network environment, Ethernet is the most common way to physically connect the hosts into a network
- TCP/IP — The Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) is a fancy name for a collection of protocols (remember, protocol = set of rules) that are used to define how network communication should take place between hosts
Configuring The Network
GUI
- Click on the system in the menu bar, then Preferences, and then network connection
- To modify this network device, click on the device name and then click the
edit
button
- If you click on the IPv4 settings tab, you can change key IPv4 values
- Click method to change from manual to DHCP
Configuration Files
Primary interface conf. file /etc/network/interfaces
List all network interface ip -a
IPv4 settings for static host
ipaddr
— hosts IP addressgateway
— router IP addressdns1
— DNS server IP address
IPv4 settings for DHCP client host
bootproto
— set to DHCP
After configuration
sudo ip a flush enp0s3
sudo systemctl restart networking.service
Additional configuration
hostnamectl
— HOSTNAME info/etc/sysconfig/network
— network and hostname settings/etc/resolv.conf
— DNS server settings/etc/host
— local hostname to IP address translation/etc/nsswtich.conf
— used to modify which hostname to IP address translation service
Restarting The Network
$ service network restart
$ sudo systemctl restart netwroking.service
Network Utilities
Network Tools
ifconfig
— Displays interface configuration informationroute
— Displays the routing tableping
— Used to determine if a remote machine can be contacted via the networknetstat
— Display network statisticsdig
— Displays query results from DNS serversssh
— Allows a user to login into a remote machine