Types of Packaging Materials

All products are not of the same size or type. They all require different packaging materials depending on the product type, duration of transportation, storage facilities, and display of the product. Packaging not only protects a product during the entire supply chain process but also helps to influence the purchasing decision of the consumers.

Packaging comprises of four basic functions:

1. Product protection

2. Information sharing of the product

3. Extend shelf life

4. Brand presentation and promotion

With a variety of packing options available in the market, below mentioned are a few common types of packaging materials used to accommodate a wide variety of packaging needs.

· Crates and Pallets

Crates and pallets act as secondary packaging and are an important part of the shipping and packaging process. Pallets keep packages raised off of the surface, keeping them safe from insects, dirt, and moisture. Crates and pallets can be made of wood, plastic, metal, or other materials typically used to transport or store large, heavy cargo. Wooden pallets are the most commonly used, whereas plastic pallets have a long life and high reusability.

· Shrink Wrap

Shrink wrap can be used both as a primary and secondary packaging material. Shrink wrap uses polymer plastic film which shrinks when heat is applied to it. On shrinking the film conforms to the shape of the product being packaged thus providing puncture and abrasion protection to the package. It is available in a variety of types, thicknesses, clarities, strengths, and shrink ratios. It also is a packaging method to maintain the unitisation of products. Shrink wraps can be recycled.

· Vacuum Packaging

Vacuum packaging involves the removal of oxygen from the package before sealing thus preventing the formation of bacteria, mold, and yeast. Oxygen can be removed either manually or automatically after placing the products in a plastic film package and sealing the package. It is a preferred option for perishable food items. Foods packed using vacuum packaging have a longer period of shelf life as compared to normal packaging.

· Preservation Packaging

The main aim of preservation packaging is to keep the product fresh, safe, and protected. It includes both shrink wrapping and vacuum packaging, as well as other forms of packaging such as aluminium cans, bubble wrap, and other types of protective packages like egg cartons and milk jugs.

· Shock Mount Packaging

This type of packaging is used for packing fragile and sensitive products like chemical compounds, electronic equipment. The packaging contains built-in shock absorption, protecting the contents from shock, vibration, noise, humidity, dust, and moisture.

With a wide range of packaging materials available in the market, decide on the best packing options that would suit your product and budgetary requirements. An ideal packaging would also help to address the rising concern regarding the standards of health and sanitation needed to be maintained especially concerning food products. Always keep in mind that apart from protecting the product from damage, packaging can function as a crucial marketing tool, helping companies to attract new customers and increase their brand presence in the market.