Python literals — Python Tutorial

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Python literals can be defined as data that is given in a variable or constant.

Python supports the following literals:

1. String literals:

String literals can be formed by enclosing a text in quotes. We can use both single and double quotes to create a string.

Example:

"Aman" , '12345'  

Types of Strings:

There are two types of strings supported in Python:

a) Single-line Strings: Strings that are terminated within a single line are known as single-line strings.

Example:

text1='hello'  

b) Multi-line String: A piece of text that is written in multiple lines is known as a "multi-line string."

There are two ways to create multiline strings:

1. Adding black slash at the end of each line.

Example:

text1='hello\    
user'    
print(text1)  

'hellouser' 

2) Using triple quotation marks: marks: -

Example:

str2='''''welcome  
to  
SSSIT'''    
print str2   

Output:

welcome  
to  
SSSIT  

II. Numeric literals:

Numeric literals are immutable. Numeric literals can belong to the following four different numerical types:

Int(signed integers) Long(long integers) float(floating point) Complex(complex)

Numbers (which can be both positive and negative) with no fractional part. eg: 100

Integers of unlimited size followed by lowercase or uppercase L eg: 87032845L

Real numbers with both integer and fractional part eg: -26.2

in the form of a+bj, where a forms the real part and b forms the imaginary part of the complex number. eg: 3.14j

Example — Numeric Literals

x = 0b10100 #Binary Literals  
y = 100 #Decimal Literal   
z = 0o215 #Octal Literal  
u = 0x12d #Hexadecimal Literal  
  
#Float Literal  
float_1 = 100.5   
float_2 = 1.5e2  
  
#Complex Literal   
a = 5+3.14j  
  
print(x, y, z, u)  
print(float_1, float_2)  
print(a, a.imag, a.real)  

Output:

20 100 141 301
100.5 150.0
(5+3.14j) 3.14 5.0

III. Boolean literals:

A Boolean literal can have any of two values: True or False.

Example —Boolean Literals

x = (1 == True)  
y = (2 == False)  
z = (3 == True)  
a = True + 10  
b = False + 10  
  
print("x is", x)  
print("y is", y)  
print("z is", z)  
print("a:", a)  
print("b:", b)  

Output:

x is True
y is False
z is False
a: 11
b: 10

IV. Special literals.

Python contains one special literal, i.e., None.

None is used to specify a field that is not created. It is also used for the end of lists in Python.

Example — Special Literals

val1=10    
val2=None    
print(val1)     
print(val2)   

Output:

10
None

V. Literal Collections.

Python provides four types of literal collection: list literals, tuple literals, dictionary literals, and set literals.

List:

• List contains items of different data types. Lists are mutable i.e.., modifiable.
• The values stored in List are separated by comma(,) and enclosed within square brackets([]). We can store different types of data in a List.

Example — List literals

list=['John',678,20.4,'Peter']    
list1=[456,'Andrew']    
print(list)    
print(list + list1)  

Output:

['John', 678, 20.4, 'Peter']
['John', 678, 20.4, 'Peter', 456, 'Andrew']

Dictionary:

• Python dictionary stores the data in the key-value pair.
• It is enclosed by curly-braces {} and each pair is separated by the commas(,).

Example

dict = {'name': 'Pater', 'Age':18,'Roll_nu':101}  
print(dict)  

Output:

{'name': 'Pater', 'Age': 18, 'Roll_nu': 101}

Tuple:

• Python tuple is a collection of different data-type. It is immutable which means it cannot be modified after creation.
• It is enclosed by the parentheses () and each element is separated by the comma(,).

Example

tup = (10,20,"Dev",[2,3,4])  
print(tup)  

Output:

(10, 20, 'Dev', [2, 3, 4])

Set:

• Python set is the collection of the unordered dataset.
• It is enclosed by the {} and each element is separated by the comma(,).

Example: — Set Literals

set = {'apple','grapes','guava','papaya'}  
print(set)  

Output:

{'guava', 'apple', 'papaya', 'grapes'}