Object on focus: Alexander the Great’s Entry into Babylon

This relief realised by Bertel Thorvaldsens in 1812, perfectly depicts Alexander’s the Great’s entry to Babylon. The 35-meter long relief, has been sculpted for the papal Palazzo del Quirinale in Rome on the occasion of the Emperor Napoleon’s planned visit to the city. The subject was chosen to remark the paralel between Napoleon entering Rome and Alexander’s entry into Babylon.

Historical context

As Alexander the Great, a skilled military tactician and visionary leader, expanded his empire, Babylon stood as a highly coveted city and a symbol of power in the ancient world. In 331 BCE, after a series of decisive victories, Alexander’s forces reached the gates of Babylon. The city’s residents, aware of the conqueror’s approaching triumph, eagerly awaited his arrival.

As the conqueror rode through the city, he was accompanied by a multitude of soldiers, heralds, and prominent figures, all adorned in order to showcase his power. The procession featured chariots, resplendent with gold and precious gems, pulled by majestic horses.

To honor the gods of Babylon and pay tribute to the city’s rich heritage and traditions, Alexander made a stop at the renowned Ishtar Gate. This monumental entrance, adorned with vibrant glazed tiles depicting mythical creatures, served as a testament to the city’s architectural brilliance.

The arrival of Alexander the Great in Babylon signaled a new era for the city and its inhabitants. With his presence, he brought the promise of stability, prosperity, and cultural fusion. Recognizing the city’s strategic importance, Alexander initiated ambitious plans for its development, which included the construction of new buildings and the establishment of administrative systems that would solidify his reign.

The full 3D scanned relief can be found and downloaded here.