The illuminated crescents of Neptune (foreground) and its largest moon Triton (background) showcase how impressively large Triton, the 7th largest moon in all of the Solar System, is in comparison. This image was taken by the Voyager 2 spacecraft on August 29, 1989, 3 days after its closest approach to Neptune. (PHOTO12/UIG/GETTY IMAGES)

Triton, Not Pluto or Eris, Is The Kuiper Belt’s Largest World

It may have been captured by Neptune since it formed, but Triton remains king of the Kuiper belt.

Ethan Siegel
7 min readDec 7, 2018

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Our Solar System is arguably the most well-studied corner of the Universe, with humanity having mapped out the planets, moons, and other significant bodies in our vicinity. Closest to the Sun, we have the densest worlds: made out of the heaviest elements and too small to hold onto a gas giant envelope. Beyond that are the asteroids, coinciding with the Solar System’s original frost line. Farther out than those are the four gas giant worlds, each with their own system of moons and rings. And finally, beyond that, are the trans-Neptunian objects: the frozen, comet-like worlds and bodies that are the farthest ones in our Solar System we’ve ever detected.

But which world is the true King of the Kuiper belt, the innermost of the trans-Neptunian objects? It’s not Pluto, the one with the greatest radius, nor Eris, the one with the greatest mass. Instead, Triton — the largest moon of Neptune — has them both beat. Here’s the bizarre story of how.

False-color image of Triton, Neptune’s largest moon, taken by spacecraft Voyager 2. This low-resolution image is the best photograph that Voyager 2 snapped of Neptune’s largest moon, just 2 days before closest approach. (TIME LIFE PICTURES/NASA/THE LIFE PICTURE COLLECTION/GETTY IMAGES)

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Ethan Siegel
Starts With A Bang!

The Universe is: Expanding, cooling, and dark. It starts with a bang! #Cosmology Science writer, astrophysicist, science communicator & NASA columnist.