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What was it like when the first elements formed?

What was it like when the first elements formed?

In the early stages of the hot Big Bang, there were only free protons and neutrons: no atomic nuclei. How did the first elements form from…
Go to the profile of Ethan Siegel
Ethan Siegel
What was it like when the last antimatter disappeared?

What was it like when the last antimatter disappeared?

In the early stages of the hot Big Bang, matter and antimatter were (almost) balanced. After a brief while, matter won out. Here’s how.
Go to the profile of Ethan Siegel
Ethan Siegel
The simplest explanation for ultra-high-energy cosmic rays

The simplest explanation for ultra-high-energy cosmic rays

The highest-energy particles could be a sign of new, unexpected physics. But the simplest, most mundane explanation is particularly…
Go to the profile of Ethan Siegel
Ethan Siegel
JWST now owns the top 8 spots for most distant objects

JWST now owns the top 8 spots for most distant objects

In 2022, Hubble owned the record for most distant galaxy. Today, that galaxy is down to the 9th most distant object. Thanks, JWST.
Go to the profile of Ethan Siegel
Ethan Siegel
What was it like when protons and neutrons formed?

What was it like when protons and neutrons formed?

For a substantial fraction of a second after the Big Bang, there was only a quark-gluon plasma. Here’s how protons and neutrons arose.
Go to the profile of Ethan Siegel
Ethan Siegel
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