LeBron James: Labor Leader

How the King became a man of the people.


When LeBron James announced his return to Cleveland last week, it would be easy to say that the narrative wrote itself, considering that it did. LeBron’s letter, by way of SI’s Lee Jenkins, was viewed as both an honest appraisal of past missteps and evidence of a maturing man willing to embrace the intangible values attached to home and loyalty. It is about as far from The Decision as you can get, with people calling it “near-perfect” and “the most impressive letter ever written.” A friend said he felt chills as he read the words.

Like all easy to digest narratives — particularly ones involving the interests of a player, his agent and managers, corporate sponsors, the Cleveland Cavaliers, the NBA, the NBPA, and the fans — the truth is no doubt more complicated. After the initial rush of good feelings, writers and commenters took to their various causes, wielding fragments of the argument like any internet knife fight.

Some began to question whether or not the Cavaliers and their fans deserved this homecoming. For those that rightly view LeBron’s initial decision to leave as well within the bounds of NBA free agency, it was hard to forget fan vitriol and owner petulance. The effigies burned in fire and Comic Sans were in poor taste, but they also too closely echoed power structures of the real world, where manipulative management coaxes blind, faux-populist ire as a smokescreen to hide their own poor decision making.

For the cynics, it was easy to dismiss the letter as a honed piece of PR, manufactured to cut to the soft heart of a sports opinion-industrial monster whose blood pumps for a redemption story. In a calculated bit of re-branding, LeBron both mitigated the choking win-now pressure of his own “not one, not two” devices, but also paved the way for him to get paid the maximum allowable amount without being called greedy.

Truth can be found in every take.

Decorum aside, LeBron’s decision to play in Miami, to sacrifice money and stats for the best opportunity to win, could have been framed to invoke some True American Edict of competitive spirit. And in the inverse, LeBron’s demand for a max contract from the comfort and safety of Ohio could be viewed (by say, Pat Riley) as the coward’s way out. That it ended up the other way speaks to both the power of the homecoming narrative and the importance of presentation.

To say that Cleveland fans are more deserving of LeBron’s talents because of a troubled sports history speaks to their Simmons-fueled victimization, without even mentioning the sad children of South Florida who just watched a hero leave. And never mind the cities that would love to lay claim to three major sports franchises, heart-rending losses aside.

Then there’s Dan Gilbert, who is a Voltron of nearly every bad boss cliché. His Quicken Loan corporate commandments, creatively titled ISMs, contain grade school motivational poster schlock (“It’s not about WHO is right, it’s about WHAT is right”) and cribbed sports movie quotes (“The inches we need are everywhere around us”). To Gilbert, LeBron’s exit stung not only because of the loss of money and relevance, but as an affront to Gilbert’s aspirations as the Great Man who revitalized the Midwest. To the sort of person who keeps a scale model of downtown Detroit and lights up a fake building every time the real life one is acquired, the desires of individuals become footnotes on some divine narrative. Even the desires of LeBron James.

Perhaps this would be more palatable if Gilbert actually appeared to be good at running a professional franchise. Instead, as per usual, Gilbert seemingly fails upward. The corporate culture he was responsible for failed to create a winning environment around LeBron, which is why he left at all. Continued missteps and dumb luck conspired to provide the Cavs with three number one overall picks in four years. To top it off, anytime he perceives an opponent’s advantage as somehow unjust, he writes emails of complaint or changes the rules to get his way, not unlike his bid to build casinos across Ohio. A certain kind of person might find irony in a man who made his fortune off mortgages invoking the feelings of “home” to leverage a commercial and competitive windfall. The other owners, for their part, say that reforming the draft lottery is of the utmost concern.


But most importantly, we must give weight to LeBron’s words. It’s not so difficult to imagine a man approaching thirty and reweighing his priorities in life. After over a decade in the league, after five finals and two titles, after raising two children, you’d expect someone to change. For a person who never got to experience it, the Miami-as-college metaphor is apt. He had his fun and now, a man grown, wants to devote himself to something he deems more meaningful, which in this case is his roots. Gone are the days of LeBron as wunderkind, global icon, or league villain, in lieu of LeBron the folk hero.

In line with the maturation of both his on-court play and off-court philosophy, over the past few years LeBron has become one of our most socially conscious athletes, particularly as a black role model. In the months following The Decision, with the venom most toxic, LeBron acknowledged his belief that race was a factor in the uproar. Say what you will about the race card, but we do have ways of visualizing these coincidences.

A couple years later, after the murder of Trayvon Martin, LeBron helped organize this famous Twitter picture with Dwyane Wade and the rest of the Heat. Though they neglected to make the issue explicitly racial, instead speaking as fathers and Florida residents, the subtext was clear. Keep in mind, this is fresh-off-a-finals-loss, still-without-a-ring LeBron, who felt compelled not only to weigh in on a politically charged issue, but also nudge the Heat organization to do the same. Whereas some stars seem intent on brand maintenance, LeBron took a strong stand, operating without the benefit of cultural carte blanche.

More recently, during the Donald Sterling fiasco, LeBron did not at all hesitate to make his feelings known. And if Roger Mason is to be believed, LeBron would have led a player boycott had the union not been satisfied with the NBA’s ruling on Sterling.

The initial taped comments from Sterling remain the kind of overt, screaming n-word racism that provided the popular support necessary for the players and the league to ultimately oust him. But it’s the second round of recordings that highlight the real issue. To those who asked the naïve question of “why would Sterling own an NBA team if he hates black people?” Sterling was more than willing to provide an answer. In posing the question of “who makes the game?” Sterling confirmed what housing discrimination depositions and locker room shower gawk parties had long suggested: that Sterling viewed the players as little more than chattel. Less world-renowned athletes representing the amazing possibilities of human beings at peak form and more, say, traveling minstrels.


From the racially tinged reaction to The Decision to Trayvon to Sterling, LeBron’s activism manifested in the same form; namely, to stand up against claims of African-Americans as somehow subhuman. For those that think this reading overwrought, I’ll say that when on the wrong side of power, it becomes hard not to notice injustices that feel contingent on race, ethnicity, gender, or sexual orientation.

So when it is suggested by the media or inferred in the Heat front office’s actions that LeBron take less money — and mind you, less than he knows he is worth — it’s hard not to hear the echo. In response, LeBron’s demand that he be paid as much as he possibly can is as much a political decision as it is a cash grab. In a nation that deems money akin to speech, LeBron is merely establishing his personhood.

I hear you. The man who just rolled a fleet of exotic cars through Ohio couldn’t possibly be some labor leader. Don’t let questions of scale fool you. We’re dealing with a multi-billion industry and the key laborers number in the hundreds. People get paid well in winner-take-all markets. This is not a question of earning so much as a question of worth. LeBron knows that he and his peers are worth more, and it sounds like he’s willing to fight for it.

This is the same LeBron who was “among the most vocal” in a player meeting pre-lockout 2010, rallying them against the hardline owners trying to reduce the players’ slice of the pie. Perhaps in response to the union’s disarray and subsequent kowtowing to owner demands, LeBron briefly considered heading up the NBA Players Association before removing his name from consideration — Chris Paul eventually took the post. When the sale of the Sacramento Kings was announced, LeBron publicly asked what the lockout had been for. Recent reports suggest that the Clippers’ two billion dollar price tag has increased his motivation to get paid, which is why LeBron is keeping his deals short, so that he can adjust them in proportion with the growing salary cap.


The SI essay itself is instructive, both in its delivery and content. Its release circumvented Dan Gilbert because LeBron wanted to speak directly to the people of Ohio first. In the text, LeBron acknowledges the struggles of his community and speaks to his cultural power, citing a “responsibility to lead, in more ways than one.”

This is LeBron well aware of his context within the various communities he occupies. He grew up in a place ravaged by systems that allow rich men to skim value from the poor. He has to notice similar mechanisms at work in the NBA today, where he is left to choose between the rich white man who benefitted from his labor yet publicly questioned his manhood in a letter five years ago or the rich white man who benefitted from his labor yet publicly questioned his manhood in a press conference a few weeks ago.

It is of course reductive to place our stars into neat narratives that both reflect and explain their eras: Magic as champion of 80s excess before contracting HIV and becoming an activist-cum-entrepreneur. Or Jordan as hyper-competitive sociopath who transcended flesh to become brand. Or Kobe as Jordan rehash for a post-9/11 world still clinging to dreams of 90s era nostalgia.

But it’s also impossible to separate someone from both the culture they create and the culture that creates them. The issue of power vs. labor is all around us, seen not only in the last NBA lockout, when the owners cried poor, but also in the courtroom in Oakland where the sham of amateurism stands on trial.

And of course what’s happening in sports is only a reflection of society at large, when cash flow dwindles and people in power expect the same consistent revenue streams. Whether it’s those demanding a living wage or artists and filmmakers and musicians and writers begging to be seen as more than “content-providers,” the fight remains the same. And though the oppression differs in scale, it is the same in kind: namely, a bunch of old, rich, white men dictating the rights and compensation of everyone else, by way of some indifferent, crushing bureaucratic machine.

To bring it back to the hardcourt, this is also the same issue at work when Jeremy Lin is upset about the Rockets using his jersey number to recruit Carmelo Anthony. General Manager Daryl Morey’s management style is, right or wrong, highly celebrated. With the aid of analytics, Morey and his disciples aim to turn the NBA into something closer to fantasy sports, with asset collection as the chief ideal.

As much as I respect advanced stats as a new way to better understand the game, taken to its logical extreme as a management creed, human beings are reduced to data points. This is always true for the players to a certain degree, but the naked ambition is startling. If we’re expected to accept the idea that Kobe’s massive contract is an advertisement for the Lakers’ franchise loyalty, shouldn’t the opposite be true, where players also recognize the clubs that treat them more like pure commodities? Though the jersey number issue may seem small, for players the abstractions of the Trade Machine have real world consequences.

This is the current reality of the NBA, where the old-school owners can’t help but invoke the full meaning of their titles and the cutting-edge general managers ultimately view most players as probability maps for acquiring stars. This, at a time when consensus says that league-wide talent is near an all-time high.


All of which is to say, if not LeBron then who? I don’t entertain illusions of LeBron leading the proles to revolution and jubilee, but seriously, if LeBron James — with all his earning power and global reach — can’t lead by example and demand to be paid something more in balance with what he earns for others, then there is literally no hope for the rest of us.

Okay, there probably isn’t any hope. But don’t mistake LeBron’s move back to Cleveland as capitulation. Think of it more as bringing the battle to Dan Gilbert’s front door, where the lines will be drawn through the halls of the Q. In response to the CBA that Gilbert pushed for, LeBron will fight with the only things he has: short contract lengths to maximize his value and keep Gilbert honest.

With the union already advising players to begin saving for a lockout in the summer of 2017 and LeBron poised to be a strong voice, it remains to be seen how hard Dan Gilbert will be willing to fight the man who just added $500 million to his franchise value. Particularly when LeBron just re-positioned himself as Cleveland’s savior and made it much more difficult to discredit him as a “mercenary.”

This is not to imply that LeBron aspires to be some sleeper cell, infiltrating the enemy and wrecking them from inside. No doubt basketball comes first, and the decision to return to Cleveland was driven by all the reasons he stated. But I also don’t doubt that LeBron will make the most of this as a public relations coup and use this power in an attempt to reshape his communities, both at home and in the league, into something more equitable.

For the vast majority of fans this may seem irrelevant, or worse, threatening to the divide between escapism and the real world. But for LeBron James, this is the real world. When LeBron imagines winning a title for Cleveland, when he pictures the fan delirium and the confetti raining down, after the final horn sounds and all his hard work has crystallized into something real, he also knows just who gets to hold the trophy first.