7 Truly Remarkable Events in the History of Swearing

Swearing: How it started. How it’s going.

Jack Shepherd
Cellar Door

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A Medieval text with the first written example of the eff word
The first written example of the eff word

N.B. This is an article about the history of swearing, so do prepare for some R-rated language.

We’ve been swearing roughly as long as we’ve been stubbing our toes or tripping over the (Proto-Indo-European) cat on the way to the (Proto-Indo-European) bathroom in the night. But the types of words that fit the category of what we consider to be “swear words” in English have changed dramatically in the last couple of thousand years. As the linguist Melissa Mohr shows in a fascinating history of swearing, Holy Sh*t, what counts as a forbidden or shocking word underwent a major shift from making oaths before God in the Middle Ages to referring to bodily acts in the Renaissance and beyond. If you wanted to offend a medieval, you’d be much better off talking blithely about “God’s arms” than telling raunchy stories about who swived the Miller’s wife when he went into town.

Lewd graffiti from Pompeii
A polite message to Restituta with a request regarding her tunic

It’s been almost 2,000 years since a Pompeiian took time out of his day to write, “Restituta, take off your tunic, please, and show us your hairy privates,” on a wall in the courtyard of the Tavern of…

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Jack Shepherd
Cellar Door

I have a newsletter about crossword puzzles and a podcast about rom-coms. Formerly editorial director @BuzzFeed. Email: JackAShepherd at gmail