Artificial Intelligence
Introduction to the Field of Artificial Intelligence and its Applications.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a branch of computer science that deals with the design of intelligent agents: systems that perceive their environment and take actions that maximize their chances of success.
AI researchers have been seeking to build machines capable of high-level cognitive functions such as problem-solving, learning, and artistic creation for centuries. However, it was not until the middle of the 20th century that these efforts began to produce tangible results.
The AI community has sometimes been divided into “symbolic” and “connectionist” camps. The symbolic camp worked on developing formal logic and reasoning techniques while the connectionists focused on neural networks which were inspired by biological processes in the brain. These two approaches gradually came together around the 1980s with the rise of expert systems and rule-based systems which made use of both symbolic reasoning and neural networks.
“Artificial intelligence like ChatGPT will change our world and make it far more efficient” –Bill Gates
As computers became more powerful through the 1990s and 2000s, AI research began focusing on deep learning algorithms based on neural networks with many layers (deep learning). Deep learning uses multiple layers of non-linear processing units for feature extraction and transformations. Deep learning algorithms can learn features automatically from raw data without human intervention or supervision by using modern machine learning methods such as backpropagation or stochastic gradient descent
