How did Russia get so much gold?

How did Russia possess such a huge amount of gold and tie the ruble to it to counter the dollar?

Photo by Zlaťáky.cz on Unsplash

The first thing to be noted is that these ten big companies together produced about 780 tons of gold in 2020, which is worth about $48 billion. This means that they together account for 22% of the total global production of gold in the same year.