This is Joanna Schwartz, at UCLA. I do think that there are a few bad apple officers in every barrel, just as there are usually a few bad apples in most organizational settings. Law enforcement agencies undoubtedly need to do a better job of finding and disciplining them. But this is far from all that needs to be done. Here is a lot of talk about changing police culture — away from the blue line of silence and toward more transparency, away from a warrior mentality to a guardian mentality. That is also important too, and harder to accomplish. I also think there has to be more of a focus on reducing harms. In medicine there is talk of doing no harm, and Bill Bratton recently said something about needing to adopt that mentality in policing.