CTO Time: How Will Trias Solve DeFi Pain Points(i)?

Dr. Wei, Trias CTO, will have a series of Trias Technology Sharing in Trias group( http://t.me/triaslab) from 10th Aug to 30th Aug, on every Monday & Thursday 12:00 GMT. The following is the recap of the 4th time:

1. What is the function of the extensible HCGraph algorithm based on machine learning?

Leviatom proposed heterogeneous consensus graph protocol (HCGraph) and introduced trust transfer network. HCGraph allows nearby nodes with TEE running environment to verify each other’s credibility, and propagates the collected trusted node information among other nodes that have obtained their trust.

In this way, the state information of each TEE consensus node can form a reputation network, which can endorse and prove each other. Once a node wants to “lie”, the surrounding nodes can point it out immediately.

If the malicious nodes around them want to cooperate with the “lying” nodes, they need to make all other nodes around them cooperate at the same time. By iterating repeatedly, HCGraph can quickly locate the “hard to lie” points in the whole network, and distribute smart contract programs to a few of these points, so as to achieve an efficient, robust, high concurrency smart contract running environment that supports native applications.

2. The role of graph computing in blockchain?

First of all, graph computing is a common computer technology, the discipline construction time is also very long. However, the current application of graph computing in blockchain mainly refers to DAG. Most of the current DAG based blockchain implementations have no transaction fees, no blocks, etc. It looks fresh and cool to use. Let me briefly describe the role of DAG:

DAG was first used in the IoT. If you think about the scenario of the Internet of things, there may be thousands of Internet of things devices in any community. So many active terminal devices will start, shut down and malfunction. Therefore, in order to solve the discovery and confirmation of many nodes when DAG is used, the method is N → M DAG, directed acyclic graph.

In short, if you want to complete the consensus between Beijing and New York, then in the chain based structure of BTC and ETH, you can only go through the verification without a way back. In the middle, you also need the role of a miner to help you pack the block for accounting consensus. DAG’s approach is that “all roads” lead to Rome. Although it can’t go back, it can help you find multiple paths formed by many units and reach consensus. Of course, the longest one is the most important one in general design, rather than the chain method, which needs to be explicitly defined through M-tree to determine the whole life cycle process.

In this way, the first feature of DAG is that it is inherently safer. Because once you want to add a new node, you need to interact with a cell branch of DAG to get the join confirmation. Once you get the confirmation of a DAG unit, all the units on the previous branches related to the DAG must confirm with you. So if you want to break this DAG consensus, it’s not a chain, it’s like a forest chain of trees. So most DAG projects claim to be inherently immune to computational power attacks like quantum attacks.

The second is that DAG will expand more efficiently and elastically with the increase of the number of nodes. Because it wants to complete a consensus, it doesn’t need to be verified successfully in some form and the historical account books of the whole chain, or there must be a miner to package for you. It only needs to carry out a small confirmation verification similar to POW with its own small range of related units to complete the consensus. Because each unit is actually connected with many paths to the genesis unit (which can be called “chain”), each unit can be checked in parallel, and it does not need to be queued for verification like ETH or BTC (of course, if the fragmentation in 2020 can succeed, the situation will be different). So DAG is born with high concurrency, which is very refreshing in theory.

3.In general, DAG uses the longest chain consensus. How does Trias reach a consensus?

The consensus mode of Trias is multi-layer heterogeneous consensus, not DAG. We’re just borrowing part of it. Now, the blockchain project mainly based on DAG will have great controversy. Many technical schools say that it is not a decentralized chain.

In fact, the main reason is that if DAG is the main one, it is still easy to figure out that it has a “main chain” path; another reason is that it must need a notary mechanism, and its impartial person mechanism is very inflexible and demanding. Taking iota as an example, centralized co nodes are very serious, and even cause continuous network congestion and unavailability.

There is also the consensus method based on DAG, which is very inconvenient to realize smart contract. This is caused by its inherent structure, because it is for the micro payment of the Internet of things and the rapid addition and discovery of nodes. Once there is a mass delivery, it is easy to have problems, not the speed of mutual recognition, but the structural attribute. Therefore, when Trias uses its essence and does not want its dross, it can pay more attention to our code and corresponding technical white paper.

4. Is Trias a public chain or an environment for public chain operation?

Trias’s ultimate goal is to make a complete public chain, which has all the functions of the general public chain, and can ensure the efficient and safe operation of a series of DApps on our chain. Our Leviatom network can be regarded as an underlying running environment, and its core is a set of heterogeneous consensus algorithms. Other chains (whether public or private) can be carried to our Leviatom network. Through the consensus algorithm of Trias, it is easy to improve the TPS of the original chain and ensure the security of all nodes.

5. Now the community is very concerned about DeFi. Considering the high service charges and network congestion of Ethereum, what pain points do you think the Defi industry has right now, and how will Trias address them？

yup, the gas fee is unacceptably high.

In my opinion, it is mainly reflected in the following three aspects:
The first one is barriers exist in data exchange:

Although DeFi attracts a lot of investment and news coverage, its infrastructure is often overlooked. Due to different technical standards or interaction modes between different chains, it is difficult to share data.

At the same time, due to the data privacy threshold across departments and industries, the barriers still exist, making it difficult to promote the original intention of data interactive utilization.

The high gas fees on Ethereum make the advantage of financial products under the blockchain technology to avoid monopolistic intermediaries disappear.

In addition, due to the current DeFi project’s strong dependence on the data under the chain provided by the prophecy machine, the credibility of the data is still an urgent problem to be solved.

The second is safety and inefficiency:

The rapid growth of DeFi has been accompanied by various security incidents.
In the world of code as a rule, and especially in finance, where money is involved, an inadvertencies invite a lot of hackers. The recent case of YAM is a good example of how security has become a must for DeFi.

As the DeFi platform continues to expand rapidly, the regulatory impact is bound to accelerate the adoption of reliable privacy protocols.

In order to meet the requirements of high safety and efficiency, the application of block chain with different standards and performance will inevitably lead to the repeated waste of construction software and hardware costs and the difficulty in improving the operation efficiency, and it will be impossible to make effective use of blockchain technology to activate data and promote communication.

The third point is that the underlying public chain cannot achieve privacy protection. Blockchain technology itself is a public distributed ledger, so any node in the system can see the contents of this ledger.

Transaction privacy cannot be guaranteed, and DeFi based on common public chain, such as Ethereum, is inherently inadequate in terms of privacy.

As a type of finance, DeFi is sensitive to both identity and data information, and DeFi is no exception.The transparency of blockchain is both an asset and a burden.

Most of the existing Defi projects are rooted in Ethereum, and there is still a lot of room for high performance public chains and privacy protection tracks as they optimize their performance.

These are the three pain points I think defI has at the moment, and Trias Trusted Computing Base Chain Platform provides solutions to all three of these problems.