5 African American Artists From the 19th Century That You (Probably) Haven’t Seen Before
National African American History Month in February celebrates the contributions that African Americans have made to American history and culture in their struggles for freedom and equality. Look at the works of these artists represented at the Smithsonian American Art Museum.
- Edmonia Lewis (1844–1907)
Lewis was the first professional African American and Native American sculptor. Although she attended Oberlin College, she did not graduate due to a racially-motivated accusation of poisoning. Throughout her life, she insisted on completing her own worth without help. Lewis’ sculptures often showcase her heritage and some of her most notable pieces, such as Hagar, feature prominent figures from the Bible. Source
2. Robert S. Duncanson (1821/1822–1872)
Duncanson spent much of his adult life in Cincinnati, Ohio. He is classified as a Midwestern romantic, realist painter who favored landscapes and was active during the time of the American Civil War. He has been recognized internationally as one of the best American landscapists. Source
3. Malvin Gray Johnson (1896–1934)
Born in North Carolina, Johnson spent most of his adult life in New York City. Johnson contributed to the Harlem Renaissance in the 1930s and the Public Works of Art Project started by then-President Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s New Deal. His artwork focuses on the daily lives of contemporary African Americans. Source
4. Henry Ossawa Tanner (1859–1937)
Much of Tanner’s work contains strong religious themes. Despite this, Tanner’s father, a minister in the African Methodist Episcopalian Church, was not particularly supportive of his son’s passion for art. However, Tanner attracted the attention of some wealthy patrons and was able to pursue further study in France. His works are now held in high regard, both within the United States and internationally. Source
Edward Mitchell Bannister (1828–1901)
In addition to being a well-known painter, Bannister was also an art critic. Prior to his recognition on the art scene, Bannister worked as a barber. His style evolved considerably over the length of his career and he was particularly active during the 1870s and 1880s. Bannister spent most of his life in Boston, Massachusetts or Rhode Island, the home state of his wife. Source
