Reading list

Session 1: Democracy? State? What are we talking about?

• CRICK, Bernard. Democracy: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford University Press. 2002.
• MANCINI, Pia. How to upgrade democracy for the internet era. TED, 2014. https://www.ted.com/talks/pia_mancini_how_to_upgrade_democracy_for_the_internet_era?language=en#t-150920
• BEETHAM, David and BOYLE, Kevin. Introducing democracy: 80 questions and answers. UNESCO. 2009. Available online: https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000181392 (p. 13–38).
• International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance. The Global State of Democracy 2019. https://www.idea.int/sites/default/files/publications/the-global-state-of-democracy-2019-summary.pdf
• “Democracy” in Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/democracy/#DemDef
• “Democracy” in Encyclopædia Britannica: https://www.britannica.com/topic/democracy

Session 2: What is Open Government and why should we care?

• OBAMA, Barack. Open Government and Transparency, White House, 2009: https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/transparency-and-open-government and https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/open/documents/open-government-directive
• OECD. Recommendation of the Council on Open Government, 2017.
• Open Government Partnership. The Skeptic’s Guide to Open Government, 2018.
• Open Government Partnership. Democracy Beyond the Ballot Box, 2019; https://www.opengovpartnership.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/OGP-Brochure_Democracy-Beyond-Ballot-Box.pdf
• Open Government Partnership. What’s in the 2019 Action Plans, 2020; https://www.opengovpartnership.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/OGP_AP_Report_2019.pdf
• WIRTZ, Bernd and BIRKMEYER, Steven. Open Government: Origin, Development, and Conceptual Perspectives, International Journal of Public Administration, 2015. PDF in the Drive.
• MEJIA, Mauricio and BELLANTONI, Alessandro, Open government and Covid-19: a blueprint for public action, Apolitical, 2020: https://apolitical.co/en/solution_article/open-government-and-covid-19
• OECD. Open Government: The Global Context And The Way Forward. OECD Publishing, 2017. PDF in the Drive.
• UK Government. Open Government Playbook: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/899963/Combined_Playbook_Cards.pdf

Session 3: Transparency: what for and how to.

• Article 19. The Public’s Right to Know: Principles on Freedom of Information Legislation. 1999. Available online: http://www.article19.org/data/files/pdfs/standards/righttoknow.pdf
• NOVECK, Beth. Rights-Based and Tech-Driven: Open Data, Freedom of Information, and the Future of Government Transparency. YALE HUMAN RIGHTS & DEVELOPMENT L.J. Published in 2017. Available online : http://www.thegovlab.org/static/files/publications/Rights-Based-and-Tech-Driven-Noveck-YHRDLJ-vol-19.pdf
• DARBISHIRE, Helen. Proactive Transparency: The future of the right to information? World Bank: https://www.access-info.org/wp-content/uploads/Darbishire_Proactive_Transparency.pdf
• Open Knowledge Foundation. The Open Data Handbook. Available online : https://opendatahandbook.org/guide/en/
• OECD. Access to Public Information in Latin America. OECD Publishing, 2014.

Session 4: Citizen participation in practice.

Participatory Constitutional processes (Chile, Iceland, Mexico City)

• SIMON, Julie; BASS, Theo and MULGAN, Geoff. Digital Democracy: The Tools Transforming Political Engagement. Research paper published by NESTA in 2017. Available online: https://www.nesta.org.uk/report/digital-democracy-the-tools-transforming-political-engagement/
• GovLab NYU. The Open Policy Making Playbook, GovLab NYU, 2019.
• PATEMAN, Carole. Participatory Democracy Revisited, Perspectives on politics.
• CALLAHAN, Kathe. Citizen Participation: Models and Methods, International Journal of Public Administration.
• MICHELS Ank and DE GRAAF Laurens. Examining Citizen Participation:Local Participatory Policy Making and Democracy, Local Government Studies, 2010.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/03003930.2010.494101?needAccess=true
• Michelle RUESCH, Michelle and MARKER, Oliver. More Top-Down Participation, Please! Institutionalized empowerment through open participation. Digital Development Debates. http://www.digital-development-debates.org/issue-12-power--top-down--more-top-down-participation-please.html
• PARVIN, Phil. Democracy Without Participation: A New Politics for a Disengaged Era. Res Publica, 2018. https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11158-017-9382-1.pdf
• European Regional Development Fund. Digital Democracy: A guide on local practices of digital participation. 2020. PDF in the Drive
• National Democratic Institute. Citizen Participation and Technology. 2013: https://www.ndi.org/sites/default/files/Citizen-Participation-and-Technology-an-NDI-Study.pdf
• Dias, Enriquez, Julio. Participatory Budgeting World Atlas. Government of Portugal, 2019. PDF in the Drive.
• CitizenLab. FAQ of digital consultation. 2020.
• Stockholm Environment Institute. Making space: how public participation shapes environmental decision-making. 2019. PDF in the Drive.
• Digital Democracy — What Europe can learn from Taiwan — web discussion with Audrey Tang: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I5uMMKaSbSw&feature=emb_logo
• International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance. Global Passport to Modern Direct Democracy. https://www.idea.int/sites/default/files/publications/global-passport-to-modern-direct-democracy.pdf

Session 7: Openness across the State

• 2012 Declaration on Parliamentary Openness : https://www.openingparliament.org/static/pdfs/english.pdf
• Open Government Partnership. Parliaments as Partners for Open Government Reform. Available online : https://www.opengovpartnership.org/sites/default/files/OGP_Parliaments-Partners_January2018.pdf
• Parlamericas. Roadmap towards legislative openness. http://parlamericas.org/uploads/documents/Roadmap-EN-SCREEN.pdf
• ICI Global. Achieving Open Justice through Citizen Participation and Transparency (video): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zhTf72iSqCQ
• GASCO Mila and JIMENEZ Carlos. Information and Technology in Open Justice, Social Science Computer Review, 2020. PDF in the Drive.
• GUTIERREZ Bernardo. Madrid a democracy lab? Open Democracy blog, 2017: https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/democraciaabierta/madrid-as-democracy-lab/

Session 6: Citizen deliberation: bringing back the Athenian democracy

• Collective. The Prospects & Limits of Deliberative Democracy. Daedalus, Journal of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences, 2017. https://docs.google.com/viewer?embedded=true&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amacad.org%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fdaedalus%2Fdownloads%2F17_Summer_Daedalus.pdf
• LANDEMORE, Helen. Politics without politicians. Blog article, The New Yorker: https://www.newyorker.com/news/the-future-of-democracy/politics-without-politicians
• O’LEARY, Naomi. The Myth of the Citizen Assembly. Blog article, Politico: https://www.politico.eu/article/the-myth-of-the-citizens-assembly-democracy/
• ELSTUB, Stephen. Deliberative and Participatory Democracy. The Oxford Handbook of Deliberative Democracy. Oxford University Press, 2008.
• OECD. Innovative Citizen Participation, Catching the Deliberative Way, OECD Publishing. 2020.
• GovLab NYU. Belgian Sortition Models, 2020.
• CARSON Lynn. Comparing participatory and deliberative democracy. The newDemocracy Foundation, 2019.
• LANDEMORE, Helen. Deliberative Democracy as Open, Not (Just) Representative Democracy. Daedalus, 2017.
• Farrell, David, Nicole Curato, “Deliberative Mini-Publics Core Design Features”, Centre for Deliberative Democracy & Global Governance, 2019, https://www.governanceinstitute.edu.au/magma/media/upload/ckeditor/files/Deliberative%20Mini-Publics%20Core%20Design%20Features.pdf

Session 7: Rebooting the State

• Beth Noveck, Demand a more open-source government. TED Talk September 2012, available on YouTube : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bLGTrz1Zolk
• O’REILLY, Tim, Government as a Platform, MIT Press: https://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1162/INOV_a_00056
• European Commission, Exploring Digital Government Transformation in the EU — Understanding public sector innovation in a data-driven society: https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/bitstream/JRC121548/digigov_report__2020_online.pdf
• OECD, Recommendation on Digital Government Strategies: http://www.oecd.org/gov/digital-government/recommendation-on-digital-government-strategies.htm
• OECD, Digital Government Policy Framework: Six dimensions of a Digital Government
• OECD, Digital Government Index (DGI) 2019: Results and Key Messages: http://www.oecd.org/gov/digital-government/digital-government-index-2019-highlights.pdf
• Observatory of Public Sector Innovation (OECD), Embracing Innovation in Government: Global Trends 2019: https://trends2019.oecd-opsi.org/embracing-innovation-in-government-global-trends-2019.pdf
• Renaissance Numérique, Digital Exploration: Denmark a Digital Will, https://www.renaissancenumerique.org/system/attach_files/files/000/000/202/original/RN-DIGITALEXPLORATION_Danemark_EN.pdf?1569924486
• World Economic Forum, Digital Identity: On the Threshold of a Digital Identity Revolution, White Paper, 2018, http://www3.weforum.org/docs/White_Paper_Digital_Identity_Threshold_Digital_Identity_Revolution_report_2018.pdf
• BERSON, Geoffroy. e-Estonia: the ultimate digital democracy? https://medium.com/@geoffrooy/e-estonia-the-ultimate-digital-democracy-f67bc21a6114
• The Economist, Covid-19 is spurring the digitisation of government, 2020: https://www.economist.com/international/2020/09/01/covid-19-is-spurring-the-digitisation-of-government

Session 8: Political parties and civil society in the digital era

• BARTLETT, SMITH and ACTON. The Future of Political Campaigning. Demos. 2018. PDF in the Drive.
• COLEMAN, Gabriella. Hoaxer, Whistleblower, Spy: The Many Faces of Anonymous.
• ZUCKERMAN, Ethan. The Case for Digital Public Infrastructure. Knight First Amendment Institute at Columbia University, 2020. https://s3.amazonaws.com/kfai-documents/documents/7f5fdaa8d0/Zuckerman-1.17.19-FINAL-.pdf
• SAUTER, Molly. The Coming SwarmDDoS Actions, Hacktivism, and Civil Disobedience on the Internet. 2014. https://altexploit.files.wordpress.com/2017/11/molly-sauter-ethan-zuckerman-the-coming-swarm_-ddos-actions-hacktivism-and-civil-disobedience-on-the-internet-bloomsbury-academic-2014.pdf
• International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance. Collaboration between Citizen Movements and Political Parties. 2018. https://www.idea.int/sites/default/files/publications/collaboration-between-citizen-movements-and-political-parties.pdf
• International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance. Online Political Crowdfunding. 2018. https://www.idea.int/sites/default/files/publications/online-political-crowdfunding.pdf
• National Democratic Institute. Technology: A Planning Guide for Political Parties. (interactive ressource): https://tech4parties.org/
• SMITH William. Deliberation in an Age of (Un)Civil Resistance. Journal of Deliberative Democracy, 2020.
• Democracy Earth. The Social Smart Contract. An open source white paper.
• NEUMAYER, Christina and SVENSSON, Jakob. Activism and radical politics in the digital age: Towards a typology. 2016
• FENTON, Nathalie. Digital Activism: A new means of and a new meaning of being political.
• GERBAUDO, Paolo. Tweets and the Streets, Social Media and Contemporary Activism. 2012
• Habermas, J. (1989). The Public Sphere: An Encyclopaedia Article. In S. E. Bronner, Critical Theory and Society: A Reader. Routledge.
• Jordan, T. (2002). Activism! Direct Action, Hacktivism and the Future of Society. London: Reaktion Books.
• Kaldor, M. (2013). Global Civil Society: An Answer to War. Oxford: Wiley.
• On DDOS attacks: https://www.theverge.com/2017/4/14/15293538/electronic-disturbance-theater-zapatista-tactical-floodnet-sit-in & Https://slate.com/technology/2010/12/pro-wikileaks-denial-of-service-attacks-just-another-form-of-civil-disobedience.html

Session 9: Digital for democracy, opportunities and challenges.

• TKACZ Nathaniel. From open source to open government: A critique of open politics. Ephemera, 2012.
• Access Now, Defending peaceful assembly and association in the digital age. July 2020: https://www.accessnow.org/cms/assets/uploads/2020/07/Defending-Peaceful-Assembly-Association-Digital-Age.pdf
• CitizenLab. The Future of Digital Democracy: Interviews about citizen participation, innovation and leadership in the digital age.
• Select Committee on Democracy and Digital Technologies. Digital Technology and the Resurrection of Trust, UK House of Lords, 2020: https://committees.parliament.uk/publications/1634/documents/17731/default/
• RAMBUL, Rebecca. The State of Digital Public Engagement. My Society, 2019. https://research.mysociety.org/media/outputs/digital-public-engagement_5TptOqc.pdf
• PEIXOTO Thiago and STEINBERG Tom. Emerging Digital Technologies: Eleven Predictions on the Influence of Emerging Technologies. World Bank Group, 2020. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/32495/Citizen-Engagement-Emerging-Digital-Technologies-Create-New-Risks-and-Value.pdf
• OECD, Embracing Innovation in Government, Global Trends 2020: Public Provider vs. Big Brother. 2020 : https://trends.oecd-opsi.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/OECD-Public-Provider-vs-Big-Brother.pdf
• Bertelsmann Stiftung. The Urgent Need for Robust Trust: Cultivating an environment in which algorithmic decision-making serves society. 2020: https://www.bertelsmann-stiftung.de/fileadmin/files/BSt/Publikationen/GrauePublikationen/The_Urgent_Need_for_Robust_Trust_Input_Paper_Bertelsmann_Stiftung.pdf
• BALKIN, Jack. How to regulate (and not regulate) social media? Knight First Amendment Institute at Columbia University, 2020. https://s3.amazonaws.com/kfai-documents/documents/555c172896/3.25.2020_-Balkin-New-Layout-p5d3--4-.pdf
• CHIGNARD Simon and PENICAUD Soizic. With great power comes great responsibility: keeping public sector algorithms accountable. Etalab Working Paper, 2019: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/etalab/algorithmes-publics/master/20190611_WorkingPaper_PSAAccountability_Etalab.pdf
• LESSIG Lawrence. Code is Law: On Liberty in Cyberspace. Harvard Magazine: https://harvardmagazine.com/2000/01/code-is-law-html