Rig Veda 1–015
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): medhātithiḥ kāṇvaḥ, Medhātithi, Son of Kaṇva
Devatā (deity): indra:, marūtaḥ, tvaṣṭā, agniḥ, mitrāvaruṇa, aśvinau
Chandas (meter): gāyatrī, nicṛdgāyatrī, bhuriggāyatrī, pipīlikāmadhyānicṛdgāyatrīTranslation (H.H. Wilson, 1866)
Indra, drink with Ṛtu (proper duty, also person nified divinity of a season) the Soma juice; let the satisfying drops entered into you, and there abide.
Maruts, drink with Ṛtu from the sacrificial vase; consecrate the rite, for you are bountiful.
“Neṣṭā (= Tvaṣṭā), with your spouse, commend our sacrifice to the gods; drink with Ṛtu, for you are possessed of riches.
Agni, bring the gods hither, arrange them in three plural ces (Āhavanīya, Dakṣiṇa and Gārhapatya — three fires) decorate them; drink with Ṛtu.
Drink the Soma juice, Indra from the precious vase of the Brāhmaṇa ( = Brāhmanical wealth) after Ṛtu, for whom your friendship is uninterrupteḍ brāhmaṇād-rādhasaḥ = lit. from brāhmanical wealth; explained as a costly or wealthy vessel: dhanabhūtāt pātrāt; brāhmaṇād = brāhmaṇācchaṃsi, one of the sixteen priests employed in sacrifices, who perhaps holds some ladle or vase in which the offering is presented: tasya sambandhyucchiṣṭas camasaḥ, the relation is the ladle that has the leavings].
Mitra and Varuṇa, propitious to pious acts, be present with Ṛtu at our sacrifice, efficacious and undisturbed (by foes).
(The priests) desirous of wealth, holding stones in their hands, praise the divine (Agni) Draviṇodas (= Agni, donor of wealth), both in the primary (e.g. Agniṣṭoma) and subsidiary (e.g. Ukthya) sacrifices.
May Draviṇodas give us riches that may be heard of; we ask them for the gods.
Draviṇodas desires to drink with the Ṛtu from the cup of Neṣṭā (= tvaṣṭā or one of 16 officiating priests); hasten, (priest, to the hall of offering); present the oblation, and depart.
Since Draviṇodas, we adore you for the fourth time (i.e. in four ṛks) along with the Ṛtu; therefore be a benefactor unto us.
“Aśvins, performers of pious acts, bright with sacrificial fires, acceptors, with the Ṛtus, of the sacrifice drink the sweet draught.
Giver of rewards (Agni = santya, from san, to give), being identified with the household fire, and partaker with Ṛtu of the sacrifice, worship the gods on behalf of their adorer.
Devanagari
इन्द्र॒ सोमं॒ पिब॑ ऋ॒तुना त्वा॑ विश॒न्त्विन्द॑वः । म॒त्स॒रास॒स्तदो॑कसः ॥
मरु॑त॒: पिब॑त ऋ॒तुना॑ पो॒त्राद्य॒ज्ञं पु॑नीतन । यू॒यं हि ष्ठा सु॑दानवः ॥
अ॒भि य॒ज्ञं गृ॑णीहि नो॒ ग्नावो॒ नेष्ट॒: पिब॑ ऋ॒तुना॑ । त्वं हि र॑त्न॒धा असि॑ ॥
अग्ने॑ दे॒वाँ इ॒हा व॑ह सा॒दया॒ योनि॑षु त्रि॒षु । परि॑ भूष॒ पिब॑ ऋ॒तुना॑ ॥
ब्राह्म॑णादिन्द्र॒ राध॑स॒: पिबा॒ सोम॑मृ॒तूँरनु॑ । तवेद्धि स॒ख्यमस्तृ॑तम् ॥
यु॒वं दक्षं॑ धृतव्रत॒ मित्रा॑वरुण दू॒ळभ॑म् । ऋ॒तुना॑ य॒ज्ञमा॑शाथे ॥
द्र॒वि॒णो॒दा द्रवि॑णसो॒ ग्राव॑हस्तासो अध्व॒रे । य॒ज्ञेषु॑ दे॒वमी॑ळते ॥
द्र॒वि॒णो॒दा द॑दातु नो॒ वसू॑नि॒ यानि॑ शृण्वि॒रे । दे॒वेषु॒ ता व॑नामहे ॥
द्र॒वि॒णो॒दाः पि॑पीषति जु॒होत॒ प्र च॑ तिष्ठत । ने॒ष्ट्रादृ॒तुभि॑रिष्यत ॥
यत्त्वा॑ तु॒रीय॑मृ॒तुभि॒र्द्रवि॑णोदो॒ यजा॑महे । अध॑ स्मा नो द॒दिर्भ॑व ॥
अश्वि॑ना॒ पिब॑तं॒ मधु॒ दीद्य॑ग्नी शुचिव्रता । ऋ॒तुना॑ यज्ञवाहसा ॥
गार्ह॑पत्येन सन्त्य ऋ॒तुना॑ यज्ञ॒नीर॑सि । दे॒वान्दे॑वय॒ते य॑ज ॥
Transliteration
indra somaṃ piba ṛtunā tvā viśantvindavaḥ | matsarāsastadokasaḥ ||
marutaḥ pibata ṛtunā potrād yajñaṃ punītana | yūyaṃ hi ṣṭhā sudānavaḥ ||
abhi yajñaṃ ghṛṇīhi no ghnāvo neṣṭaḥ piba ṛtunā | tvaṃhi ratnadhā asi ||
aghne devānihā vaha sādayā yoniṣu triṣu | pari bhūṣa piba ṛtunā ||
brāhmaṇādindra rādhasaḥ pibā somaṃ ṛtūnranu | taved dhi sakhyamastṛtam ||
yuvaṃ dakṣaṃ dhṛtavrata mitrāvaruṇa dūḷabham | ṛtunā yajñamāśāthe ||
draviṇodā draviṇaso ghrāvahastāso adhvare | yajñeṣu devamīḷate ||
draviṇodā dadātu no vasūni yāni śṛṇvire | deveṣu tā vanāmahe ||
draviṇodāḥ pipīṣati juhota pra ca tiṣṭhata | neṣṭrād ṛtubhiriṣyata ||
yat tvā turīyaṃ ṛtubhirdraviṇodo yajāmahe | adha smā no dadirbhava ||
aśvinā pibataṃ madhu dīdyaghnī śucivrata | ṛtunā yajñavāhasā ||
ghārhapatyena santya ṛtunā yajñanīrasi | devān devayate yaja ||
Fun Facts
- ghārhapatya means belonging to the gṛhapati or the master of the homeowner. It is one of the three sacred fires, Āhavanīya (to be offered as an oblation), and Dakṣināgni (the southern fire) being the other two.
2. I asked ChatGPT to do pada vichCheda of the verses and translate. Here is the output:
इन्द्र सोमं पिब ऋतुना त्वा विशन्त्विन्दवः | मत्सरासस्तदोकसः ||
Indra, drink the Soma with the season; let the drops enter you. The competitors are such, their abode is there.
मरुतः पिबत ऋतुना पोत्राद्यज्ञं पुनीतन | यूयं हि ष्ठा सुदानवः ||
Maruts, drink with the season, purify the sacrifice from the pot. Indeed, you stand as givers of delight.
अभि यज्ञं गृणीहि नो ग्नावो नेष्टः पिब ऋतुना | त्वं हि रत्नधा असि ||
Accept our sacrifice, oh Agni, the carrier of oblations, drink with the season. For you indeed are the holder of treasures.
अग्ने देवाँ इहा वह सादया योनिषु त्रिषु | परि भूष पिब ऋतुना ||
Agni, bring the gods here, distribute them in the three places of origin; adorn, drink with the season.
ब्राह्मणादिन्द्र राधसः पिबा सोममृतूँरनु | तवेद्धि सख्यमस्तृतम ||
From the Brahmana, Indra, rich in wealth, drink the Soma following the seasons; your friendship has been established.
युवं दक्षं धृतव्रत मित्रावरुण दूळभम् | ऋतुना यज्ञमाशाथे ||
You two, Mitra and Varuna, uphold the law, firm in your vows, share the labor; by the season, you enrich the sacrifice.
द्रविणोदा द्रविणसो ग्रावहस्तासो अध्वरे | यज्ञेषु देवमीळते ||
Wealth-givers, wealth-enjoyers, holders of the stones at the sacrifice, in sacrifices, seek the god.
द्रविणोदा ददातु नो वसूनि यानि शृण्विरे | देवेषु ता वनामहे ||
Wealth-givers, grant us those riches that we hear of; among the gods, we seek them.
द्रविणोदाः पिपीषति जुहोत प्र च तिष्ठत | नेष्ट्रादृतुभिरिष्यत ||
Wealth-givers, desiring, pouring, and standing forth; from the libation, with seasons, they are invoked.
यत्त्वा तुरीयमृतुभिर्द्रविणोदो यजामहे | अध स्मा नो ददिर्भव ||
Because we worship you, wealth-giver, with the fourth season, be a giver to us then.
अश्विना पिबतं मधु दीद्यग्नी शुचिव्रता | ऋतुना यज्ञवाहसा ||
Ashvins, drink the honey, shining, pure of vow; with the season, bearers of the sacrifice.
गार्हपत्येन सन्त्य ऋतुना यज्ञनीरसि | देवान्देवयते यज ||
With the Garhapatya (sacred fire), you are present; with the season, you are the essence of the sacrifice; worship the gods, O worshipped one.
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