What is Human in the Loop Machine Learning: Why & How Used in AI?
In today’s era, mechanization taking place everywhere with a new age of development in more automated systems, applications, robots, etc. Machine learning and AI are the leading cutting-edge technologies giving automation a new dimension with more tasks performed by machines itself.
Though, nowadays many tasks can be independently performed by AI-enabled devices, systems or machines without the help of humans. But developing such machines is not possible without the help of humans. So, Human-in-the-Loop or HITL is a model or concept that requires human interaction.
What is Human-in-the-Loop?
Human-in-the-loop (HITL), basically you can say, is the process of leveraging the power of the machine and human intelligence to create machine learning-based AI models.
HITL describes the process when the machine or computer system is unable to solve a problem, and needs human intervention like involving in both the training and testing stages of building an algorithm, for creating a continuous feedback loop allowing the algorithm to give every time better results.
Humans annotate or label data then give to the machine learning algorithm to learn from such and take decisions from such predictions. And then humans also involve in tuning the model to improve its accuracy.
And finally, these people test and validate the model by scoring its outputs, when machine learning algorithms are not able to make the right decisions or give incorrect decisions.
Why Human-in-the-Loop Machine Learning is Used?
If you have a sufficient amount of datasets, an ML algorithm can easily make decisions with accuracy just learned from these datasets. But before that machine needs to get learn from a certain amount and quality of data sets, how to properly identify the right criteria and thus comes to the right results.
This is where Human-in-the-Loop machine learning is used to the combination of human and machine intelligence creating a continuous circle where ML algorithms are trained, tested, tuned, and validated.
In this loop, with the help of humans, the machine becomes smarter as well as more trained and confident to take the quick and accurate decisions when used in real-life and also help to train the algorithms.
How Human-in-the-Loop Machine Learning is Used Today?
Human-in-the-loop is basically integrated through two machine learning algorithm processes — supervised and unsupervised learning. In supervised machine learning, labelled or annotated data sets are used by ML experts to train the algorithms so that they can make the right predictions when used in real-life.
While on the other hand, in unsupervised machine learning there is no labels are given to the learning algorithm, leaving it on its own to find structure in its input and memorize the data in its own ways.
In HITL, initially, humans label the training data for the algorithm which is later fed into the algorithms to make the various scenarios understandable to machines.
Later humans also check and evaluate the results or predictions for ML model validation and if results are inaccurate humans tune the algorithms or data is re-checked and again fed into the algorithm to make the right predictions.
Why Human-In-The-Loop Computing is the Future Of Machine Learning?
Doing a machine learning process without human inputs is not possible. Algorithms cannot learn everything unless provided as per its compatibility. For example, a machine learning model cannot understand raw data unless humans explain and make it understandable to machines.
Here, the data labelling process is the first step in creating a reliable model trained through algorithms, especially when data is available in an unstructured format.
Actually, an algorithm cannot understand unstructured data like texts, audio, video, images and other contents that are not properly labelled.
Hence, the human-in-the-loop approach is required to make such data comprehensible to machines. These data are labeled as per the desired instructions like what is seen in the images, what is spoken in the audio or video using the data labeling technique or image annotation types to label such data.
When Human-in-the-loop Machine Learning is used?
Human-in-the-loop is not the concept you can implement in every machine learning project. Mainly HITL approach is used, when there is not much data available yet, human-in-the-loop is suitable because, at this stage, people can initially make much better judgments than machines are capable of.
And using this, humans produce high-quality training data sets for machine learning helping the machine to learn from such data. And human in the loop deep learning is used when humans and machine learning processes interact to solve one or more of the following scenarios:
- Algorithms are not understanding the input.
- When data input is interpreted incorrectly.
- Algorithms don’t know how to perform the task.
- To make humans more efficient and accurate.
- To make the machine learning model more accurate.
- When the cost of errors is too high in ML development.
- When the data you’re looking for is rare or not available.
Human-in-the-Loop for Different Types of Data Labeling
As per the algorithms, different types of datasets in machine learning training are required. And the human-in-the-loop approach is used for such different types of data labelling processes.
If you want to train your model to identify or recognize the shape of objects like an animal on the road or other objects, then bounding box annotation is best suitable to make them recognizable to machines.
While, on the other hand, if you have to classify the objects in a single class, you have to use the semantic segmentation annotation suitable for computer vision to train the visual perception-based ML model.
Similarly, to create facial recognition training data sets, landmark annotation is used. In language or voice-recognition machine learning training, text annotation, NLP annotation, audio annotation, and sentiment analysis is used to understand what humans are trying to say in different scenarios.
And when such data is labelled, annotated or make usable to machines, chatbots or virtual assistants like AI devices are developed to communicate with humans. Humans-in-the-loop can create different types of training data sets for different types of machine learning models built for different fields.
AI is getting integrated almost every field around the world, but we still required Human-in-the-Loop, especially to produce and feed the training data into the algorithms at the initial stage of model development.
And there are many companies providing wide-ranging services for human-in-the-loop machine learning and human in the loop AI comprising text, videos, data and image annotation services for AI development.
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