What is Yoga

There are many definition of Yoga that you might have come across. In its simplest sense, the word Yoga is derived from the sanskrit root word “yuj” meaning “to unite”, “to yoke” or “to join”. Yoga may be understood as the union on the mind and body where one operates in resonance with the other.

Classical Indian texts define Yoga in multiple ways. The Yogasutras of Patanjali defines Yoga as: “Yoga Chitta Vritti Nirodaha” which can be roughly translated as “Yoga is the blocking/cessation/absence of mental modifications”

One of India’s most popular philosophical texts, the Bhagavad Gita, mentions “Yogaha Karmasu Kaushalam” meaning “Yoga is excellence at action”. The Gita also says “Samathuvam yoga uchyate” meaning “Equanimity is Yoga”.

These diverse perspectives emphasise that Yoga is a state of balanced body, mind and intellect. It harmonises the body, emotions and cognition helping the practitioner or yogi realise her/his full potential.

Eight Limbs of Yoga

Patanjali’s Yogasutra talks of 8 dimensions of Yoga called “Ashtaanga”(eight limbs). They are:

• Yama
• Niyama
• Asana
• Pranayama
• Dharana
• Dhyana
• Samadhi

Yama and Niyama are to do with personal and social disciplines to be adopted by the practitioner. The system is so beautifully designed that it does not isolate the practice from the context. The strength of character is equally important in the Yogic system. Yama includes: non-violence, truthfulness, honesty, abstinence from sensual pleasure, non-possessiveness or greed. Niyama includes: cleanliness, contentment, austerity, self-study, surrender to the divine. These preparatory dimensions help the practitioner progress rapidly on the path of Yoga. These also act as guidelines as the practitioners acquires new insight and capabilities through Yogic practices.

Popularly Known Dimensions

In today’s context, what most people follow are Asana, pranayama, dharana and dhyana.

The Yogasutra says “Sthiram Sukham ithi asanam” meaning an asana is a posture that is steady and comfortable. Pranayama is the expansion or regulation of breath. Dharana is a concentration based practice and dhyana is meditation. Each of these dimensions have deep impact on the practitioner.

Recent scientific studies have shown the efficacy of yogic practices on physical health, emotional health, brain power, relationships and higher states of awareness. These studies have helped to observe the manifest benefits of yogic practices and have made the widespread adoption of Yoga throughout the world possible.

A Yogic life is a happy life!