What Happened in the New Hampshire Statewide Election?
Note: this post is part of a series of analyses detailing the 2018 election using the Catalist voter registration database, survey data, and election returns data. See here for background and the full series. This post was written by Maggie Dart-Padover, Analyst on the Catalist Analytics team.
New Hampshire is the first state of the series in which the Democratic candidate at the top of the ticket in 2018 won a smaller percentage of the vote than Hillary Clinton did in 2016. Despite preferring Democrats at the presidential and congressional levels, Granite Staters chose to give Republican Chris Sununu a second term as governor. In a year in which Democratic House candidates for NH-01 and NH-02 won by margins of 8 percentage points and 13 percentage points respectively, Molly Kelly, the Democratic candidate for governor, lost by 7 points.
This is not a phenomenon unique to New Hampshire. Sununu stands with Governors Larry Hogan of Maryland, Charlie Baker of Massachusetts, and Phil Scott of Vermont as a popular Republican governor of an eastern state that routinely votes for Democrats at the federal level. Why do these Democrats want white Republican men who talk about fiscal responsibility to sit in the governor’s mansion? Who makes up this large block of split-ticket voters in such a polarized political environment?
The full New Hampshire data is available here. For comparison, the latest national data is available here, and you can find all postings to date in the series here.
Not just incumbency effects?
If the difference between the gubernatorial vote and the congressional popular vote were simply due to incumbency, we would expect the difference in margins to be greater in NH-02, in which incumbent Democratic Representative Ann McLane Kuster was running for re-election, than in NH-01, which was an open seat. Instead, Democrat Chris Pappas in NH-01 outperformed Kelly in his district by slightly more than Kuster did in NH-02, as shown in the chart below.
The map below shows some regional preferences. Pappas outperformed Kelly most in his home base of Manchester. Kelly came close to Kuster’s margin near Kelly’s former State Senate District in Cheshire County, in the southwest part of the state.
Then who are the Sununu — House Democrat ticket splitting voters?
Although partisans made up a majority of voters, many of those Catalist has identified as part of the Modeled Historical Middle voted for Sununu for Governor and a Democrat for congress. The gap between the gubernatorial and congressional margins was 32 points among these Modeled Historical Middle voters, compared with a 12 point gap among Modeled Historical Democrats and a 14 point gap among Modeled Historical Republicans. Strong partisans were more likely to vote for the same party up and down the ticket, whereas Historical Middle voters were much more malleable in their vote choice.
Single men were particularly likely to be ticket-splitters. Despite Sununu narrowly carrying this group (by 5 points), they voted to send Democrats to congress by 16 points, an even greater margin than they voted for Hillary Clinton in 2016.
New Hampshire congressional Democrats won areas Catalist has classified as urban, suburban, and rural. Although Kelly won the 4% of the electorate that lives in urban areas, she won them by only a 10 point margin, 19 points less than Kuster and Pappas’ combined 29 point margin. Sununu even won Manchester, the largest city in the state. Ticket-splitting was less prevalent in the more rural parts of the state, where the gap between Democratic support in the governor race and the house races was 17 points.
Democratic congressional candidates even won rural areas of the state, in which a plurality of 2018 voters live. Clinton lost rural voters by 3 points.
