Material to get started with diversity & inclusion at your company

12 min readJul 6, 2017

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At Q42 I initiated Project <div>, a series of open letters about and internal push to improve diversity & inclusion at the company. While doing so I began to gather anything I read online that could help. The below list includes articles I read, videos I watched and data I found that I could use to explain why transitioning from a homogeneous culture to one with more diversity and a focus on inclusivity over being an exclusive club would be rewarding. I also included my notes and excerpts where relevant.

Disclaimer: this list is by no means exhaustive and quite ad hoc, as I was just jotting things down as I came across them. However, feel free to reuse anything and let me know if you find something wrong or have any recommendations.

What large tech companies are doing

Some of the major tech companies have started publishing transparency reports about the diversity of their employees, which in turn may inspire others to make diversity & inclusion a priority. At Google, Apple, Facebook, etc. the number of women in technical roles is quite low, around 20%, so they face a similar challenge.

Both Google and Facebook are addressing the problem in multiple areas. One area they’ve both decided is a good starting point is in combating unconscious bias. Here are sites they’ve created that discuss their approach:

They also publish figures:

These companies are committing to addressing unconscious bias as well as kickstarting other programs (such as FB TechPrep or Google Women Techmakers).

Spotify tried hosting a hackathon with 50/50 female and male participants: “We wanted to expand outside our Facebook hacker groups. So we talked to university teachers, local communities, brothers, sisters, cousins and friends from other cities to push the event outside the usual “tech bubble”.”

One useful metaphor to use when talking to engineers about this is to think about it as “diversity debt” as described by 500 Startups’ partner, Andrea Barrica. Like dealing with technical debt, it’s a matter of deciding to pay attention to it and then refactoring, in this case, the company culture and attitudes towards the issue. It also becomes harder to fix the longer you wait: as the company grows, and if you don’t address this, you’ll end up hiring the default applicant (white male). Once you have over 100 employees it will become increasingly improbable that you’ll be able to rebalance without a Herculean effort.

Other organisations

Useful resources

Books

Unlocking the Clubhouse
Lean In
Everyday Sexism
The Confidence Code
Gender Codes
We Should All Be Feminists
Recoding Gender
Climb
Quiet: The power of introverts in a world that can’t stop talking
Model View Culture Quarterly
Mentoring and Diversity: an international perspective
Programmed Inequality

Videos

Being a Man in the Workplace (BuzzFeed)
OPPRESSED MAJORITY
Tim Cook on why he came out
Unconscious bias at work (Google)
Louis CK: Explaining the Meaning of Being White
Making the unconscious conscious (Google)
Doll Test

TED talks

Podcasts

General lists

US government

Education

Unconscious bias

Events & conferences

Hosting conferences

Initiatives

Organisations working on diversity & inclusion

WiT
Hackbright Academy
Women Who Code
Black Girls Code
GirlDevelopIt
Graduate Women at MIT
Catalyst
AAUW

Best practices

Hire More Women In Tech — long list of resources, best practices, exec summaries, facts
Social rules at Recurse (formerly Hacker School)
Forms of Gender

Reports & papers

Debunking Handbook
Women in the Workplace 2015
Images of Computer Science Report

Various articles

Quotes

“Cisco is ensuring that job candidates encounter at least one interviewer of their same gender or ethnicity, a practice that has resulted in a roughly 50% increase in the odds a woman will be hired for a given position” —What’s Holding Back Women in Tech?
“You certainly need some senior people and to be fair, most of the senior people on our team are male. But here’s the thing about positive feedback loops, they create self-perpetuating cycles. The men on the team have the experience and track record to be the best person for the job, because we’ve been given the chance to prove ourselves.” — Don’t Look for the Best Person for the Job
“For all the talk about how important diversity is within organizations, white and male executives aren’t rewarded, career-wise, for engaging in diversity-valuing behavior, and nonwhite and female executives actually get punished for it.” — Study Shows Women and Minorities are Punished for Speaking Up
“Research shows that individuals and organizations that believe they are meritocratic often have the poorest outcomes. That’s because when biases aren’t acknowledged, we can’t deal with them.” — Managing Bias

Data visualisation

When Women Stopped Coding

NPR source 1 | NPR source 2

(Similar graphs are featured in the book Unlocking the Clubhouse)

100 Women 2015: How can we stop unconscious bias?

BBC source

This is useful for starting an informal unconscious bias chat with coworkers.

Global Gender-Science Stereotypes

From Women’s Representation in Science Predicts National Gender-Science Stereotypes: Evidence From 66 Nations (PDF)

When sorted by explicit bias, Netherlands ranks worst (and % of majors & researchers is relatively low):

UNESCO Distribution of tertiary graduates by field of study

UNESCO source as referenced by noceilings.org

CBS: Just 30% of technically trained women in NL still working in tech

CBS source (Dutch)

Ministry of Economic Affairs: Diversity in NL IT market

From ICT, Kennis en economie 2016, bijlage 2.2.1a, “werkzame ICT’ers naar achtergrondkenmerken” (Dutch)

McKinsey report on Why Diversity Matters

From the article:

Women in selected STEM occupations, 1990–2013

From Solving the Equation: The Variables for Women’s Success in Engineering and Computing

Diversity Programs That Get Results

From Why Diversity Programs Fail:

Do Europeans Fear Diversity?

From a report by Pew Research on how European countries feel about whether diversity would make the country a better place to live or not.

Girls and women under-represented in ICT

From a study by eurostat with Netherlands coming in last among students (and Belgium second), though the difference is smaller when measured among those employed in IT jobs:

Data

Occupational Feminization and Pay: Assessing Causal Dynamics Using 1950–2000 U.S. Census Data
UNESCO Distribution of tertiary graduates by field of study
Global Gender-Science Stereotypes
Does diversity-valuing behavior result in diminished performance ratings for nonwhite and female leaders?
http://noceilings.org/ & http://noceilings.org/stem/
Github repo full of data: Where are the numbers?
Massive Google doc full of data: Why women leave tech: what the research says
Gender differences and bias in open source: Pull request acceptance of women versus men
Athena’s Angels
Percentage of women educated at a technical institute in the Netherlands employed in a technical position is under 30% — CBS
Sexy, Strong, and Secondary: A Content Analysis of Female Characters in Video Games across 31 Years (not really relevant, but awesome research)
Elephant in the Valley — “We focused on five main areas including: Feedback & Promotion, Inclusion, Unconscious biases, Motherhood, and Harassment & Safety. We asked 200+ women focusing on women with at least 10 years of experience.”
Solving the Equation: The Variables for Women’s Success in Engineering and Computing — Research paper with tons of data and significant conclusions. See page 104 for how organisations can act.
How stereotypes impair women’s careers in science: “We show that implicit stereotypes (as measured by the Implicit Association Test) predict not only the initial bias in beliefs but also the suboptimal updating of gender-related expectations when performance-related information comes from the subjects themselves.”
Taulbee Survey — Chart based on data about gender

From Solving the Equation: The Variables for Women’s Success in Engineering and Computing (page 104):

Maintain good management practices that are fair and consistent and that support a healthy work environment

Communicate clear responsibilities, goals, and paths toward advancement.
Assign employees challenging projects that help them develop and strengthen new skills.
Provide training and development opportunities for employees.
Acknowledge and reward employees’ contributions.
Ensure that employees have manageable workloads and are not expected to routinely work excessive hours.
Provide and encourage the use of work-life balance support such as on-site daycare, flexible work schedules, paid parental leave, and telecommuting.
Provide opportunities for senior technical workers to mentor students or junior-level technical workers.
Put in place anti-harassment policies such as that instituted by the Ada Initiative, adainitiative.org/what-we-do/conference-policies.
Work to establish welcoming environments through inclusive workplace policies.

Manage and promote diversity and affirmative action policies

Ensure that job advertisements, mission statements, and internal communications explicitly convey that your organization values diversity and gender inclusiveness.
Assign responsibility for diversity to a diversity committee or full-time diversity staff.
Involve men, especially white men, in gender diversity efforts.
Conduct effective diversity training for employees.
Monitor your progress in increasing women’s representation in technical roles.

Reduce the negative effects of gender bias

Make job qualifications clear and apply them evenly to all candidates.
Base hiring decisions on objective past performance information when possible.
Purposely remove gender information from evaluation scenarios when possible.
Allow sufficient time to make in-depth and individualized evaluations of applicants.
Ensure that hiring managers and other employees are aware of their own potential gender biases, such as by taking the gender-science Implicit Association Test at implicit.harvard.edu.
Survey employees to assess the level of gender bias within your organization.
Hold managers and recruiters accountable for their hiring and promotion decisions.

Encourage a sense of belonging

Create a welcoming environment for all employees.
Encourage a supportive, friendly, and respectful environment.
Root out uncivil and undermining behaviors.
Increase the number of women at all levels of management.
Provide opportunities for women to develop a support network of other technical women.
Formally recognize necessary nontechnical work such as working well with others and mentoring — work that is not male-stereotyped — along with technical work.
Be proactive and vocal about management’s commitment to increasing the representation of technical women in your organization.

Facilitate opportunities for employees to work on projects or issues that are socially relevant

Pursue projects with clear social impacts whenever possible.
Showcase how professionals’ everyday work aligns with the societally beneficial outcomes that are the ultimate goals of engineering and technology.
Establish social service days where employees volunteer in their communities.

Harvard Business Review on diversity

“Firms have long relied on diversity training to reduce bias on the job, hiring tests and performance ratings to limit it in recruitment and promotions […] Yet laboratory studies show that this kind of force-feeding can activate bias rather than stamp it out. As social scientists have found, people often rebel against rules to assert their autonomy. Try to coerce me to do X, Y, or Z, and I’ll do the opposite just to prove that I’m my own person.” […] It’s more effective to engage managers in solving the problem, increase their on-the-job contact with female and minority workers, and promote social accountability — the desire to look fair-minded. That’s why interventions such as targeted college recruitment, mentoring programs, self-managed teams, and task forces have boosted diversity in businesses. Some of the most effective solutions aren’t even designed with diversity in mind.