SWE.3 Software Detailed Design and Unit Construction 軟體細部設計與單元開發

ASPICE 標準解讀 — 軟體工程流程

David Lin 顧問筆記
ASPICE標準解讀
3 min readFeb 24, 2020

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流程目的(Process Purpose)

The purpose of the Software Detailed Design and unit construction Process is to provide an evaluated detailed design for the software components and to specify and to produce the software units.

軟體細部設計與單元該發流程的目的是為軟體組件提供經過評估的細部設計,用以明確說明和產出軟體單元。

流程結果(Process Outcome)

成功實作軟體細部設計及單元開發流程,其相應的結果如下:
1) [Outcome 1]一個軟體細部設計被開發來描述軟體單元。
2) [Outcome 2]軟體單元間的介面被定義
3) [Outcome 3]軟體單元的動態行為被定義
4) [Outcome 4]軟體需求與軟體單元的一致性與雙向追溯被建立; 軟體架構設計與軟體細部設計的一致性與雙向追溯被建立; 軟體細部設計與軟體單元的一致性與雙向追溯被建立;
5) [Outcome 5]軟體細部設計及其與軟體架構設計的關係已商定,並向所有受影響的成員溝通
6) [Outcome 6]軟體細部設計定義的軟體單元被實作產出

基礎實踐(Base Practices)

SWE.3.BP1: Develop software detailed design.
SWE.3.BP1: 制定軟體細部設計
[Outcome 1]

Develop a detailed design for each software component defined in the software architectural design that specifies all software units with respect to functional and nonfunctional software requirements.

針對定義在軟體架構設計中的每個軟體組件,制定細部設計。在細部設計中,根據功能性與非功能性的軟體需求去明確說明所有的軟體單元。

SWE.3.BP2: Define interfaces of software units.
SWE.3.BP2: 定義軟體單元的介面
[Outcome 2]

Identify, specify and document the interfaces of each software unit.

識別、明確說明及紀錄軟體單元間的介面。

SWE.3.BP3: Describe dynamic behavior.
SWE.3.BP3: 描述動態行為
[Outcome 3]

Evaluate and document the dynamic behavior of and the interaction between relevant software units.

評估及紀錄相關軟體單元間的動態行為與互動。

NOTE 1: Not all software units have dynamic behavior to be described.

備註1:並非所有的軟體單元都有動態行為。

SWE.3.BP4: Evaluate software detailed design.
SWE.3.BP4: 評估軟體細部設計
[Outcome 1,2,3,4]

Evaluate the software detailed design in terms of interoperability, interaction, criticality, technical complexity, risks and testability.

從互操作性、互動性、關鍵性、技術複雜度、風險和可測試性等方面評估軟體細部設計。

NOTE 2: The results of the evaluation can be used as input for software unit verification.

備註2:評估的結果可以被作為軟體單元驗證的輸入。

軟體單元間的互操作性(Interoperability)關係

SWE.3.BP5: Establish bidirectional traceability.
SWE.3.BP5: 建立雙向追溯
[Outcome 4]

Establish bidirectional traceability between software requirements and software units. Establish bidirectional traceability between the software architectural design and the software detailed design. Establish bidirectional traceability between the software detailed design and software units.

建立軟體需求與軟體單元的雙向追溯。建立軟體架構設計與軟體細部設計的雙向追溯。建立軟體細部設計與軟體單元的雙向追溯。

NOTE 3: Redundancy should be avoided by establishing a combination of these approaches that covers the project and the organizational needs.
NOTE 4: Bidirectional traceability supports coverage, consistency and impact analysis.

備註3: 建立涵蓋專案和組織需求的一套追溯管理方法,該方法應該盡量避免多餘的追溯。
備註4: 雙向追溯支援覆蓋性、一致性和影響分析。

SWE.3.BP6: Ensure consistency.
SWE.3.BP6: 確保一致性
[Outcome 4]

Ensure consistency between software requirements and software units. Ensure consistency between the software architectural design, the software detailed design and software units.

確保軟體需求與軟體單元的一致性。確保系統架構設計、系統細部設計與軟體單元的一致性。

NOTE 5: Consistency is supported by bidirectional traceability and can be demonstrated by review records.

備註5: 可以透過BP5所建立的雙向追溯來確保一致性;審查記錄可以用來作為一致性的證明。

SWE.3.BP7: Communicate agreed software detailed design.
SWE.3.BP7: 溝通商定的軟體細部設計
[Outcome 5]

Communicate the agreed software detailed design and updates to the software detailed design to all relevant parties.

溝通商定的軟體細部設計及其更新給所有相關的成員。

SWE.3.BP8: Develop software units.
SWE.3.BP8: 開發軟體單元
[Outcome 6]

Develop and document the executable representations of each software unit according to the software detailed design.

根據軟體細部設計,開發並記錄每個軟體單元的可執行表示。

工作產出(Output Work product)

04-05 軟體細部設計 [Outcome 1,2,3]
11-05 軟體單元 [Outcome 6]
13-04 溝通紀錄 [Outcome 5]
13-19 審查記錄 [Outcome 4]
13-22 追溯記錄 [Outcome 4]

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David Lin 顧問筆記
ASPICE標準解讀

現任國際標準輔導顧問及評鑑師;在這裡,分享一些產業新知、趨勢以及標準的解讀與看法。更多資訊請參考:https://linchew.com