The Constitution of the People’s Republic of China is nominally the supreme law of the People’s Republic of China. It was adopted by the 5th National People’s Congress on December 4, 1982, with further revisions about every five years. It is the fourth constitution in the country’s history, superseding the 1954 constitution, the 1975 constitution, and the 1978 constitution.[1]
Contents
- 1History
- 2Structure
- 31982 Constitution
- 4Revisions and amendments
- 4.17th National People’s Congress (1988)
- 4.28th National People’s Congress (1993)
- 4.39th National People’s Congress (1999)
- 4.410th National People’s Congress (2004)
- 4.513th National People’s Congress (2018)
- 5Constitutional enforcement
- 6Criticisms
- 7See also
- 8Notes
- 9References
- 9.1Citations
- 9.2Sources
- 10External links
History[edit]
Main article: Constitutional history of the People’s Republic of China
The first Constitution of the People’s Republic of China was declared in 1954. After two intervening versions enacted in 1975 and 1978, the current Constitution was declared in 1982. There were significant differences between each of these versions, and the 1982 Constitution has subsequently been amended five times. In addition, evolving constitutional conventions have led to significant changes in the structure of the Chinese government in the absence of changes in the text of the Constitution.
Structure[edit]
- Preamble
- General Principles (Chapter 1)
- The Fundamental Rights and Duties of Citizens (Chapter 2)
- The Structure of the State (Chapter 3) — which includes such state organs as the National People’s Congress, the State Council, the Local People’s Congress and Local People’s Governments and the People’s Courts and the People’s Procuratorates
- The National Flag, the National Anthem, the National Emblem and the Capital (Chapter 4).[2]
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